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CPR Exam 1 > Cardiopulmonary And Renal Autonomics > Flashcards

Cardiopulmonary And Renal Autonomics Flashcards

1
Q

Varicosities are what

A

Synapse between post-ganglionic N and organ/target
Sympathetic: release NE
Parasympathetic : release ACH ——> Muscarinic ach receptors

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2
Q

Pre and post ganglionic cell is what type

A

ACH ——> nicotinic receptors

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3
Q

CN X leaves CNS and synapses on SA node of heart , what is the receptor

A

ACH——> Muscarinic cholinergic R

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4
Q

T1-T6 leaves CNS and synapses on SA node of heart , what is the receptor

A

Alpha 1 and Beta 1 adrenergic R

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5
Q

Alpha 1 do what

A

Contraction of SM
* especially vasoconstriction
+ increase CA influx into SM

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6
Q

Brain that control ANS

A

Hypothalamus (Paraventricular nucleus, medullary areas—> Hypothalamus)

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7
Q

Most important part of kidney

A

The Blood Supply

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8
Q

Functional unit of kidney

A

Nephron

  • filter blood
  • get rid of waste
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9
Q

Glomerulus function

A

Provide raw material for making urine

Filters plasma

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10
Q

Glomerulus gets blood from

A

Afferent arteriole ——> glomerular capillaries (filtration)—> efferent arterioles (controls rate)——> tubules

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11
Q

What controls the rate of glomerular filtration

A

The efferent arteriole

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12
Q

Where does fluid (blood) go after filtration in glomerulus (removing wastes)

A

To the proximal tubule

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13
Q

Proximal convoluted tubule function

A

REABSORB back into blood (what we need that was filtered earlier, glucose….)
——> PERITUBULAR CAPILLARIES *

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14
Q

What do the peritubular capillaries come from

A

Efferent arterioles

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15
Q

Loop of Henley gets fluid form and function

A 
From proximal tubule
CONCENTRATE URINE
- Reabsorb water
- works on interstitial fluid* (prevent dehydration)
- blood here is vasa recta*
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16
Q

Distal Convoluted Tubule and collecting duct function and from where

A 
From loop of Henly
FINE TUNE 
= resorption on NA+, K+, WATER , H+, HCO-3 when needed
*controlled by neural and H input
*blood is Peritubular capillaries
17
Q

What is the innervation to the kidneys (BLOOD)

A

MAIN : Sympathetic——> all blood supply vessels

= Alpha 1 receptors (reduce BF to kidney, lower urine production)

18
Q

Innervation to the kidneys (juxtaglomerular apparatus)

A

By the Distal tubule and collecting duct
Sympathetic : ———> Beta 1 receptors on juxtaglomerular apparatus
= increase renin release
= NA+ and water reabsorption

19
Q

Beta 1 function

A

Increase BPm by increase in RENIN release

20
Q

Short term effect of sympathetic N in kidney

A

Increase BP

21
Q

Long term effect of sympathetic N in kidney

A

Increase Blood volume

——> which will maintain BP

22
Q 
CASE 1 pt from MVA has significant blood loss and lowww BP
What happens (from Neurologic stand point)
A
  1. Baroreceptors in Arteries
  2. Relay to brain (medulla —> hypothalamus) for ANS response
    = increase sympathetic N (Thoracolumbar) to kidney arterioles and juxtaglomerular apparatus
    = decrease parasympathetic N
  3. Lower BF + RENIN release (angiotensinogen, angiotensin1, angiotensin 2, aldosterone)
  4. Increase NA+ reabsorption and H2O reabsorption
  5. Increase BP
23
Q

Sympathetic N also go where from Case 1

H

A

HEART :

  1. SA node (beta1)= increase HR (increase cAMP, increase slope of depolarization)
  2. AV node (beta1) = increase conduction velocity (reduce delay, ventricular depolarization happens faster-> increase HR)
  3. Ventricular Myocardium (Beta1) = high CA+ influx —> increase contractility
24
Q

BP =

A

BP = HR x SV x TRP

TPR (total peripheral resistance)

25
Q

Contractility means increase in what

A

Increased SV

26
Q

What does vasoconstriction do

A

Increase TPR

27
Q

Sympathetic N also go where from Case 1

V

A

VASCULAR SM:

  1. NE to (Alpha1) = vasoconstriction ——> increased TPR
    * EPI also released from (chromaffin cells) ——> SM (Alpha1) for vasoconstriction
28
Q

Chromaffin cells activated by what

A

ACH from preganglionic—-> Nicotinic R

= releases epinephrine (from adrenal gland)

29
Q

Sympathetic N also go where from Case 1

K

A

KINDEY:

  1. Juxtaglomerular apparatus: increase Renin
  2. Arterioles : decrease BF (to decrease urine excretion)
30
Q

2 function of angiotensin 2

A
  1. Vasoconstriction = increased TPR

2. Release of aldosterone = increased BP

31
Q

Aldosterone

A

Increase NA+ reabsorption
= increase in plasma osmolarity
——> release of ADH(vasopressin)

32
Q

ADH

Function

A
  1. Increase H2O reabsorption = increase SV——> increase BP

2. Vasoconstriction = increase TPR

CPR Exam 1 (20 decks)

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