DPD: Amir Sam Resp. cases Flashcards
List 3 causes of sudden onset shortness of breath (seconds)
Pneumothorax- rupture of bullae
PE
FB
List 3 causes of shortness of breath occurring within minutes
Inflammation/ obstruction of airways
Chest infection (pus)
Acute heart failure (fluid)
List 5 causes of shortness of breath persisting for days/ weeks
Interstitial lung disease
Malignancy
Large pleural effusion
Neuromuscular
Anaemia
What treatment is required for primary pneumothoraces <2cm and >2cm?
< 2cm: Discharge, repeat CXR
> 2cm: Aspiration, if unsuccessful chest drain
What treatment is required for secondary pneumothoraces <2cm and >2cm?
< 2cm: Aspiration
> 2cm: chest drain
What signs may be seen on ECG due to a PE?
Signs of strain on the right side of the heart
RBBB
Right axis deviation
S1Q3T3
What is the significance of either lead I or II being negative? What else should you look at?
Axis deviation
Overall +ve avL= LEFT axis deviation
Overall -ve avL= Right axis deviation
What is the likely diagnosis in a: 50y F with chronic SOB, sputum, no clubbing + FEV1/FVC ratio < 70% ? What features may be seen on CXR?
COPD
Lung hyperinflation
Flattened diaphragm
What is the likely diagnosis in a patient with: Cough sputum wt loss Night sweats fluffy airspace shadowing on CXR
Pulmonary TB
What is the likely diagnosis in a: 70y M SOB Keeps pigeons CXR: bilateral reticular nodular shadowing
Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
What features are seen on this CXR? What is the likely diagnosis?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/338/684/927/q_image_thumb.jpg?1606761955)
hyperexpanded + flattened diaphragm
COPD
What features are seen on this CXR? What is the likely diagnosis?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/338/684/928/q_image_thumb.jpg?1606762019)
Lung markings absent on left
Pneumothorax
What features are seen on this CXR? What is the likely diagnosis?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/338/684/929/q_image_thumb.png?1606762067)
Airspace fluffy shadowing
Pneumonia
What features are seen on this CXR? What is the likely diagnosis?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/338/684/930/q_image_thumb.jpg?1606762133)
Bilateral airway shadowing
Pulmonary oedema
What features are seen on this CXR? What is the likely diagnosis?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/338/684/932/q_image_thumb.jpg?1606762184)
Reticular nodular pattern
Pulmonary fibrosis