22. Poor Urinary Output

Question 1

What are the causes of poor urinary output classified into?

Answer 1

Pre-renal
Renal
Post-renal

Question 2

What are the pre renal causes of poor urinary output?

Answer 2

Hypovolemia

Hypotension

Question 3

What are the renal causes of poor urinary output?

Answer 3

Acute tubular necrosis
Glomerunephritis
Interstitial nephritis

Question 4

What are the post-renal casues of poor urinary output?

Answer 4

Ureter: masses
Bladder: neuropathic bladder
Urethra: BPH + blocked catheter

Question 5

What is oliguria?

Answer 5

Reduced urinary output

Question 6

What is anuria?

Answer 6

Complete absence of urinary output

Question 7

What should you check the surgical operative notes for in a patient with poor urinary output?

Answer 7

Type of surgery- possibility of damage to the UT or dehydration in laparotomies
Blood loss- hypovolaemia resulting in inadequate renal perfusion pressure

Question 8

List 4 nephrotoxic drugs

Answer 8

NSAIDs
ACEi
Diuretics
Some antibiotics e.g. gentamicin, vancomycin

Question 9

Which condition may cause new onset renal failure, fever and seizures?

Answer 9

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura