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Bone > Dougherty Part 6 > Flashcards

Dougherty Part 6 Flashcards

1
Q

enteritis-associated arthritis is caused by what

A

liposaccharide stimulate immune response

GI infection from yersinia, salmonella, shigella, campylobacter

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2
Q

enteritis-associated arthritis is most often found where and lasts how long

A

abrupt in knees and ankles

generally clears in less than 1 year

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3
Q

psoriatic arthritis seen in what patients and associated with what

A

10% of psoriasis patients
HLA-B27
HLA-Cw6

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4
Q

when is the typical onset of psoriatic arthritis

A

30-50

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5
Q

the pencil cup deformity is seen in what

A

psoriatic arthritis

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6
Q

what sites does psoriatic arthritis affect

A

50% asymmetric in DIP of hands/feet

can affect large joints

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7
Q

psoriatic arthritis can cause what disease

A

sacroiliac and spine disease

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8
Q

what limited extra-articular complications are involved with psoriatic arthritis

A

conjunctivitis

iritis

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9
Q

infectious arthritis in a child less then 2 is most commonly caused by what

A

H. Flu

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10
Q

infectious arthritis in a adolescent/young adult is most commonly caused by what

A

gonococcus (F>M)

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11
Q

infectious arthritis in a elderly and children over 2 is most commonly caused by what

A

Staph Aureas

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12
Q

infectious arthritis in sickle cell disease is most commonly caused by what

A

salmonella

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13
Q

bacterial infectious arthritis due to gonococcus is often what and where

A

subacute
one joint
knee > hip > shoulder > elbow

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14
Q

bacterial infectious arthritis in drug abuses affects what

A

axial joints

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15
Q

Viral infectious arthritis can be caused by what

A

Parvovirus B19
HCV, HBV
HIV

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16
Q

infectious arthritis due to tuberculosis is what

A

monoarticular typically from adjacent osteomyelitis or hematogenous spread
vertebrae, hips, knees ankles

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17
Q

lyme disease can present when after the bite form ixodes

A

2weeks - 2 years

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18
Q

gout is caused by what

A

uric acid from purine metabolism

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19
Q

the crystals seen in gout exhibit what

A

negative birefringent

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20
Q

gout is the end point of what

A

hyperuricemia

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21
Q

what is a tophi

A

mass deposits of urates

macrophages, lymphocytes, and giant cells

22
Q

if gout is chronic what is common to see

A

urate nephropathy

23
Q

patients with gout get acute arthritis, why?

A

monosodium urate precipitation in joint

can become chronic

24
Q

about what percent of the population has hyperuricemia and what percent of that has gout

A

10% of pop with hyperuricemia

gout in 0.5% of this population

25
Q

primary gout is due to what

A 
unknown cause (90%)
known enzyme defects (e.g. partial HGPRT)
26
Q

in gout where to the monosodium rate precipitates usually occur and why

A

fingers and toes

precipitates better at lower temperatures

27
Q

what are the phases of gout

A

asymptomatic hyperuricemia
acute arthritis
intercritical grout
chronic tophaceous gout

28
Q

the acute arthritis caused by gout is normally found where

A

first MTP joint foot

29
Q

tophi are pathognomonic of what

A

gout

30
Q

tophaceous arthritis is found where and what happens

A

joints and periarticular tissue

inflammation destroys synovium, joint and adjacent bone

31
Q

what are the risk factors for primary gout

A 
over 30 years of age
genetic predisposition
heavy drinking
obesity
drugs
lead toxicity
32
Q

what drugs cause gout

A

thiazides

33
Q

calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (CPPD) is also known as what

A

pseudogout or chondrocalcinosis

34
Q

calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (CPPD) is typically found in what patients and where

A

over 50 years old (increases to 50% at 85 years)

found in knee > wrist

35
Q

the crystals in calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (CPPD) sow what

A

positive birefringent

36
Q

where are the crystals in CPPF first seen

A

articular matrix, menisci, and intervertebral disc

37
Q

when the crystals in CPPD are released into a joint what happens

A

acute inflammation followed by chronic inflammation and fibrosis

38
Q

white chalky deposits are seeing what

A

calcium pyrophosphate crystal disease (CPPD)

39
Q

what is a ganglion cyst

A

less than 2cm cyst near joint or tendon sheath

40
Q

what is the most common site for a ganglion cyst

A

wrist

41
Q

ganglion cysts are what type of degeneration of tissue

A

cystic or myxoid

42
Q

what type of cyst has no communication with the joint space

A

ganglion cyst

43
Q

what is a synovial cyst

A

a cyst connected to a joint capsule or bursa

44
Q

what is a baker cyst

A

popliteal synovial cyst often in setting of rheumatoid arthritis

45
Q

tenosynovial giant-cell tumor what is the neoplastic cell type and what is seen in them

A

macrophages and giant (macrophage) cells

hemosiderin and lipid vacuoles are in them

46
Q

what is a type of diffuse tenosynovial giant-cell tumor

A

pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS)

47
Q

what is seen in pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS)

A 
lush villous surface 
locking or swelling (later decreased range of motion)
red/brown to yellow from hemosiderin
can erode bone and create a mass
often recurs after excision
48
Q

80% of pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is found where

A

80%

49
Q

a lush villous surface is seen in what

A

pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) a diffuse tenosynovial giant-cell tumor

50
Q

localized tenosynovial giant-cell tumor is found where

A

fingers and wrist

51
Q

what is the most common soft tissue tumor of hand (especially fingers)

A

localized tenosynovial giant cell tumor

52
Q

how does a tenosynovial giant cell tumor present

A

well circumscribed
often attached to synovium or tendon
slow growing painless

Bone (19 decks)

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