DONE- 1A Certificates and Documents - Privileges and Limitations

Question 0

2. Discuss commercial pilot operations.
   a. Is a CPL an Operating Certificate?
   b. Give examples of ops allowed w/o an Operating Certificate?
   (14 CFR §119.1)

Answer 0

a. No; a CPL allows you to work for an operator and get paid.
b. Student instruction, certain sightseeing, ferry or training flights, aerial work (crop dusting, banner towing, aerial photography, powerline or pipeline patrol, etc).

Question 1

1. Privileges of CPL.
   What can you do?
   Are there any other requirements to be mindful of?
   (14 CFR 61.133)

Answer 1

Can act as PIC for hire and carry people/property for hire but must also comply with any regulations (i.e. Part 91 or 135) that apply to the operation.

Question 2

3. “Commercial Operator”
   a. Define it.
   b. What is the rule of thumb when it’s uncertain if an operation is for compensation or hire?
   (14 CFR Part 1)

Answer 2

a. Person who conducts business by carrying people or property by aircraft that is not an air carrier or foreign air carrier or under Part 375.
b. Is the operation incidental or it a major enterprise for profit?

Question 3

4. “Common Carriage.”
   a. Define it.
   b. Four elements.
   (AC 120-12)

Answer 3

a. Operations that result from advertising to the public.
b. A holding out or a willingness to
Transport persons or property
From place to place
For compensation.

Question 4

5. Define “Holding Out”

AC 120-12

Answer 4

offering to the public
the carriage of persons and property
for hire
either intrastate or interstate.
a. Signs and advertising
b. through agents, agencies, or salesmen
c. gaining a reputation to “serve all,”
It makes no difference if the holding out generates little success
d. hold out to carry only certain kinds of traffic is nevertheless a common carrier.

Question 5

6. Define “Private Carriage.”

AC 120-12

Answer 5

Carriage for hire that doesn’t involve holding out.
Carriage for one or several selected customers.
The number of contracts must not be too great, otherwise it implies a willingness to make a contract with anybody.
Private carriage has been found in cases where three contracts have been the sole basis of the operator’s business.

Question 6

AIRPLANE ONLY
7. Examples of non-common carriage operations;
involve the transportation of persons/property and compensation, but are conducted under part 91?
(14 CFR 91.501)

Answer 6

applies to large and turbine-powered multi-engine airplanes and fractional ownership program aircraft.
14 CFR 91.501 sets conditions on the amount and types of compensation for these operations.
Examples include:
a. Flights conducted by the operator of an airplane for the operator’s own personal transportation, or the transportation of guests.
b. Carriage of company officials, employees, and guests on an airplane operated under a time sharing, interchange, or joint ownership agreement.
c. Carriage of property (except mail) incidental to business (limited compensation for expenses).
d. Carriage of a group (with common purpose) when there is no charge, assessment or fee.
e. Fractional Ownership

Question 7

8. Determine if either of the following two scenarios are common carriage operations and, if so, why?
   Scenario 1: I am a local businessman and require a package to be flown to a distant destination ASAP. I will pay you to fly my airplane to deliver this package.
   Scenario 2: I am a local businessman and require a package to be flown to a distant destination ASAP. You reply that you can do the job for a fee. You promptly line up a local rental aircraft you’re checked out in and deliver the package.

Answer 7

Scenario 2 would be considered a common carriage operation.
because you are holding out - indicating a general willingness to all customers with whom contact is made - to transport persons or property from place to place for compensation.

Question 8

9.	 Describe...
Parts 119
Part 121
Part 125
Part 135
Part 137

Answer 8

Part 119—Certification: Air Carriers and Commercial Operators
Part 121—Operating Requirements: Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations
Part 125—Certification and Operations: Airplanes having a seating capacity of 20 or more passengers or a maximum payload capacity of 6,000 pounds or more
Part 135—Operating Requirements: Commuter and On-Demand Operations
Part 137—Agricultural Aircraft Operations

Question 9

AIRPLANE ONLY
10. Limitations imposed on CPL (airplane) if you do not hold an instrument rating?
a. Cannot carry passengers for hire _______
b. Cannot carry passengers for hire _______
(14 CFR 61.133)

Answer 9

a. xc flights in > 50 NM

b. Cannot carry passengers for hire at night

Question 10

DUPLICATE
11. A pilot must have what 3 things in physical possession or readily accessible in the aircraft?
(14 CFR 61.3)

Answer 10

a. pilot certificate
b. photo identification
c. medical certificate

Question 11

12. How long can you exercise CPL if you change your permanent mailing address and fail to notify the FAA Airman Certification branch? (14 CFR 61.60)

Answer 11

30 days after the date of the move.

Question 12

13. procedure if pilot certificate is accidentally lost or destroyed?
    (14 CFR 61.29)

Answer 12

a. apply for a replacement (by letter) to the DOT, FAA; and

b. obtain a facsimile from the FAA which may be carried as a temporary for 60 days.

Question 13

• AIRPLANE ONLY*
  14. To act as pilot-in-command of a high-performance aircraft, what flight experience requirements must be met? (14 CFR 61.31)

Answer 13

A high-performance airplane is an airplane with an engine of more than 200 horsepower. To act as pilot-in-command of a high-performance airplane a person must have:

a. Received and logged ground and flight training from an authorized instructor in a high-performance airplane, or in a flight simulator or flight training device that is representative of a high-performance airplane; and
b. Been found proficient in the operation and systems of the airplane; and
c. Received a one-time endorsement in the pilot’s logbook from an authorized instructor who certifies the person is proficient to operate a high-performance airplane.

Question 14

• AIRPLANE ONLY*
  15. What is the definition of a complex airplane, and what is required to act as pilot-in-command of a complex airplane? (14 CFR 61.31)

Answer 14

A complex airplane is defined as an airplane that has retractable landing gear, flaps, and a controllable pitch propeller. To act as pilot-in-command a person must have:

a. Received and logged ground training from an authorized flight instructor in a complex airplane, or in a flight simulator or flight training device that is representative of a complex airplane; and
b. Been found proficient in the operation and systems of that airplane; and
c. Received a one-time endorsement in the person’s logbook from an authorized instructor who certifies the person is proficient to operate a complex airplane.

Question 15

• AIRPLANE ONLY*
  16. To act as pilot-in-command of a pressurized aircraft, what flight experience requirements must be met? (14 CFR 61.31)

Answer 15

To act as pilot-in-command of a pressurized aircraft (an aircraft that has a service ceiling or maximum operating altitude, whichever is lower, above 25,000 feet MSL), a person must have received and logged ground and flight training from an authorized instructor and obtained an endorsement in the person’s logbook or training record from an authorized instructor who certifies the person has:

a. satisfactorily accomplished the ground training which includes high-altitude aerodynamics, meteorology, respiration, hypoxia, etc.; and
b. received and logged training in a pressurized aircraft, or in a flight simulator or flight training device representative of a pressurized aircraft, and obtained an endorsement in the person’s logbook or training record from an authorized instructor who found the person proficient in the operation of pressurized aircraft (must include normal cruise flight above 25,000 feet MSL, emergency procedures for rapid decompression, emergency descent procedures).

Question 16

• AIRPLANE ONLY*

17. To act as pilot-in-command of a tailwheel airplane, what flight experience requirements must be met? (14 CFR 61.31)

Answer 16

No person may act as pilot-in-command of a tailwheel airplane unless that person has received and logged flight training from an authorized instructor in a tailwheel airplane and received an endorsement in the person’s logbook from an authorized instructor who found the person proficient in the operation of a tailwheel airplane. The flight training must include at least the following maneuvers and procedures: normal and crosswind takeoffs and landings, wheel landings and go-around procedures.

Question 17

18. When is a type rating required?

14 CFR 61.31

Answer 17

a. Large aircraft (gross weight over 12,500 pounds, except lighter-than-air)
b. Turbojet-powered airplanes
c. Other aircraft specified by the FAA

Question 18

DUPLICATE
19. With respect to certification, privileges, and limitations of airmen, define:
Category
Class
Type
(14 CFR Part 1)

Answer 18

Category—a broad classification of aircraft; i.e., airplane, rotorcraft, glider, etc.
Class—a classification of aircraft within a category having similar operating characteristics; i.e., single-engine land, multi-engine land, etc.
Type—a specific make and basic model of aircraft including modifications that do not change its handling or flight characteristics; i.e., DC-9, B-737, etc.

Question 19

20. Can a pilot with a CPL and multi-engine land rating carry passengers in a single-engine airplane? (14 CFR 61.31)

Answer 19

No. 
Need category, class and type rating (if a class and type rating is required) that applies to the aircraft.

Question 20

21. Can a commercial pilot carry a passenger in an aircraft operated in formation flight?
    (14 CFR 91.111)

Answer 20

No

Question 21

22. Can a commercial pilot carry passengers in a restricted, limited or experimental category aircraft? (14 CFR 91.313, 91.315, 91.317, and 91.319)

Answer 21

No

Question 22

23. When may a commercial pilot log flight time as SIC? (14 CFR 61.51)

Answer 22

For flight time during which:

a. you’re qualified according to the SIC requirements of 14 CFR §61.55, and occupies a crewmember station in an aircraft that requires more than one pilot by the aircraft’s type certificate; or
b. Holds the appropriate category, class, and instrument rating (if an instrument rating is required for the flight) for the aircraft being flown, and more than one pilot is required under the type certification of the aircraft or the regulations under which the flight is being conducted.

Question 23

24. When can you log “night” time?

14 CFR Part 1

Answer 23

“Night” = time between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilight, as published in the Air Almanac and converted to local time.