domestication

Question 1

domesticated

Answer 1

to adapt to life in intimate association with and to the advantage of humans

Question 2

wild

Answer 2

living in a natural, undomesticated state

Question 3

feral

Answer 3

ancestors had been domesticated have reverted and now live in a wild state

Question 4

tame

Answer 4

animal that is relativley tolerant of human presence

Question 5

charecteristics of domesticated animals

Answer 5

• bred in captivity for human benefit
• control of breeding/reproduction
• control territory
• control food supply

Question 6

criterion for domestication

Answer 6

• diet
• growth rate
• breed in captivity
• disposition
• less likely to panic
• size
• social hierarchy

Question 7

commensal pathway of domestication

Answer 7

animal moves into areas with humankind later develops partnership with humans

Question 8

prey pathway

Answer 8

human action to enhance resource yield or predictability

Question 9

directed pathway

Answer 9

humans deliberately set out to domesticate a speices

Question 10

importance of domestication

Answer 10

began 20-30,000 years ago
facilitated change from hunter/gatherer to agrarian society
allowed development of civilization

Question 11

magnificent 7

Answer 11

dog
goat
sheep
cattle
pig
horse
cat

Question 12

dog domestication

Answer 12

15,000 ya
more than one event
thought to be directed pathway or commensal pathway

Question 13

stages of dog domestication

Answer 13

1: self-domestication
2: strict captivity - limit breeding
3: intentional breeding
4: trait standardization
5: eliminate wild species (genes)

Question 14

who was Dmitri belyav

Answer 14

guy with Russian silver foxes
bred in captivity for 40 years to show how dog domestication may have occured

Question 15

sheep and goat domestication

Answer 15

9,000 BC for sheep (mouflon in Eurasia)
8,000 BC for goats (wild goats in Eurasia and Middle East)
good choice because of size and highly gregarious

Question 16

domestication of cattle

Answer 16

5,800 BC bos taurus taurus
2,500 BC bos Taurus indicus
origins in Eurasia
impact of cattle domestication
- products
- key to agrarian revolution as draft animal

Question 17

swine domestication

Answer 17

5,000 BC
omnivore
origins in Eurasia
drawbacks of domestication
- pests
- not a good herding animal but ok with housing/pen arrangement

Question 18

domestication of horse/donkey

Answer 18

4,000 BC Horse
3,000 BC Donkey
domesticated in the northern Caucasus

Question 19

domestication of cats

Answer 19

3,000 BC
origins in Europe and Asia
domesticated in the commensal pathway (similar to dogs)

Question 20

domestication of poultry

Answer 20

5,500 BC for chickens (asian jungle fowl)
1,000 BC for turkeys (from Central America)

Question 21

domestication of camelids

Answer 21

1,500 BC for both dromedary and bacitracin
dromedary in asia (one hump)
bactrian in mongolia (two humps)