DNA/RNA Concepts

Question 1

DNA molecule is made of the ff 4 nucleotides:

Answer 1

Deoxy-adenine,
Deoxy-guanine
Deoxy-cytosine
Thyamine

Question 2

DNA strand copied during RNA synthesis

Answer 2

Template strand

Question 3

DNA strand matching the sequence of the RNA transcript

Answer 3

Coding strand

Question 4

What is the sugar moiety attached to the bases in RNA?

Answer 4

Ribose

Question 5

Usually found in the 5’ end of mRNA

Answer 5

5’ Methyl-Guanosine cap

Question 6

Found in the 3’ end of mRNA

Answer 6

Poly A Tail

Question 7

Clover-leaf RNA molecule with amino acid attached at 3’CCA end

Answer 7

t RNA

Question 8

RNA forming part of cytoplasmic protein acting as machinery for protein synthesis

Answer 8

r RNA

Question 9

Short T-G repeats at end of each chromosome responsible for aging or cell survivability and malignancy

Answer 9

Telomeres

Question 10

DNA coding regions are interrupted by intervening segments called

Answer 10

Introns

Question 11

Forms part of 1% of DNA and found outside nucleus in eukaryotes

Answer 11

Mitochondrial DNA

Question 12

Enzyme that initiates synthesis of RNA molecule prior to DNA replication

Answer 12

Primase

Question 13

DNA replication proceeds in what direction

Answer 13

5’-3’

Question 14

Lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously is called

Answer 14

Okazaki fragments

Question 15

HNPCC is caused by defect in DNA repair

Answer 15

Mis-match repair

Question 16

Xeroderma pigmentosum is caused by defect in which repair mechanism

Answer 16

Nucleotide exision repair of Thymidine dimers

Question 17

Most abundant chromatin protein involved in gene activation, inhibition and repair

Answer 17

Histones

Question 18

Process of synthesizing RNA from DNA

Answer 18

Transcription

Question 19

Which RNA polymerase synthesizes t RNA

Answer 19

RNA Polymerase 3
2 for mRNA
1 for rRNA

Question 20

Process of synthesizing protein from RNA

Answer 20

Translation

Question 21

Property of genetic code exhibited where the AA serine is coded for by 6 different codons

Answer 21

Degeneracy

Question 22

Property where any specific codon only codes for 1 specific amino acid

Answer 22

Unambiguous

Question 23

The genetic code is read in sets of 3 bases with no overlap

Answer 23

Non-overlapping

Question 24

Genetic code is read continuously until a stop codon

Answer 24

No punctuation

Continuous

Question 25

AUG is a ____ codon

Answer 25

Start

Question 26

UAA is a ____ codon

Answer 26

Stop

Question 27

UAG is a ____ codon

Answer 27

Stop

Question 28

UGA is a ____ codon

Answer 28

Stop

Question 29

Property where the genetic code is the same for all species (except mitochondria)

Answer 29

Universal

Question 30

Type of mutation wherein glutamine is replaced by valine at position 6

Answer 30

Mis-sense mutation

Question 31

Glutamate is replaced by Valine at position 6 which leads to what disease

Answer 31

Sickle cell disease

Question 32

Antibiotic class that inhibits t-RNA binding to the ribosomal A site

Answer 32

Tetra cyclines

Question 33

MOA of macrolides and chloramphenicol

Answer 33

Inhibit Peptidyl-transferase

Inhibit Elongation of peptide

Question 34

Anti-TB drug that inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase

Answer 34

Rifampicin