DNA Mutations Flashcards
What happens in a Point / Substitution Mutation?
One base pair is swapped for another.
What are the three types of Point / Substitution Mutation?
Silent, Missense and Nonsense
What happens in a Silent Point Mutation?
The change occurs in a non coding region of DNA so it does not affect phenotype
What happens in a Missense Point Mutation ?
The codon now codes for a different amino acid
What happens in a Nonsense Point Mutation?
The change codes stop for a codon which leads to an incomplete protein.
What happens in an Insertion Mutation?
Extra base pairs are inserted into the DNA sequence
What happens in a Deletion Mutation?
Base pairs are lost from the DNA
What happens in a Duplication Mutation?
A section of DNA is repeated
What happens in a Translocation Mutation?
Sections of DNA either swap places or chromosomes join together.
What are Insertion and Deletion Mutations also known as ?
Frameshift mutations
