DNA and RNA Flashcards
Where in the cell is DNA found
Nucleus
What are the 4 nitrogen bases found in DNA
- Cytosine (C)
- Guanine (G)
- Thymine (T)
- Adenine (A)
What is the complimentary base pairing
- Guanine pairs with Cytosine
- Adenine pairs with Thymine
What is the genetic code
The order of bases along the DNA strand
What shape is DNA
A double helix (twisted rope ladder)
The sides of the ladder of DNA are made up of
Alternating deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups
In DNA, the two strands are held together by
Hydrogen bonds
What is DNA replication
The process by which a DNA molecule forms an exact copy of itself. It is needed for cell replication
What happens during DNA replication
- The DNA molecule ‘unzips’.
- Each separate strand serves as a template for building the other complementary strand.
- The molecule continues to unzip and build the two complementary strands until it reaches the end
- forms 2 complete DNA molecules
What is the sugar for DNA
Deoxyribose Sugar
What are the 4 bases for DNA
- Guanine
- Cytosine
- Adenine
- Thymine
Number of strands for DNA
2
What is the sugar for RNA
Ribose sugar
What are the 4 bases for RNA
- Guanine
- Cytosine
- Adenine
- Uracil
Number of strands for RNA
1
What base is used instead of Thymine in RNA
Uracil
A DNA strand hast the following bases: TATACAG. What will be the bases on the complementary strand of DNA and RNA
DNA: ATATGTC
RNA: AUAUGUC
What is the complete name of DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is the complete name for DNA
Ribonucleic acid
What does the “m” stand for in mRNA
Messenger
What are the 3 main differences between DNA and RNA
- The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose and the sugar in RNA is ribose
- In RNA there is Uracil which is the replacement for Thymine found in DNA
- RNA has 1 strand while DNA has 2
The three main kinds if RNA
- mRNA (messenger)
- tRNA (transfer)
- rRNA (ribosomal)
