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Year 11 - Human Biology > DNA and RNA > Flashcards

DNA and RNA Flashcards

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1
Q

Where in the cell is DNA found

A

Nucleus

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2
Q

What are the 4 nitrogen bases found in DNA

A
  • Cytosine (C)
  • Guanine (G)
  • Thymine (T)
  • Adenine (A)
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3
Q

What is the complimentary base pairing

A
  • Guanine pairs with Cytosine

- Adenine pairs with Thymine

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4
Q

What is the genetic code

A

The order of bases along the DNA strand

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5
Q

What shape is DNA

A

A double helix (twisted rope ladder)

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6
Q

The sides of the ladder of DNA are made up of

A

Alternating deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups

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7
Q

In DNA, the two strands are held together by

A

Hydrogen bonds

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8
Q

What is DNA replication

A

The process by which a DNA molecule forms an exact copy of itself. It is needed for cell replication

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9
Q

What happens during DNA replication

A
  • The DNA molecule ‘unzips’.
  • Each separate strand serves as a template for building the other complementary strand.
  • The molecule continues to unzip and build the two complementary strands until it reaches the end
  • forms 2 complete DNA molecules
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10
Q

What is the sugar for DNA

A

Deoxyribose Sugar

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11
Q

What are the 4 bases for DNA

A
  • Guanine
  • Cytosine
  • Adenine
  • Thymine
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12
Q

Number of strands for DNA

A

2

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13
Q

What is the sugar for RNA

A

Ribose sugar

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14
Q

What are the 4 bases for RNA

A
  • Guanine
  • Cytosine
  • Adenine
  • Uracil
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15
Q

Number of strands for RNA

A

1

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16
Q

What base is used instead of Thymine in RNA

A

Uracil

17
Q

A DNA strand hast the following bases: TATACAG. What will be the bases on the complementary strand of DNA and RNA

A

DNA: ATATGTC
RNA: AUAUGUC

18
Q

What is the complete name of DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

19
Q

What is the complete name for DNA

A

Ribonucleic acid

20
Q

What does the “m” stand for in mRNA

A

Messenger

21
Q

What are the 3 main differences between DNA and RNA

A
  • The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose and the sugar in RNA is ribose
  • In RNA there is Uracil which is the replacement for Thymine found in DNA
  • RNA has 1 strand while DNA has 2
22
Q

The three main kinds if RNA

A
  • mRNA (messenger)
  • tRNA (transfer)
  • rRNA (ribosomal)

Year 11 - Human Biology (20 decks)

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