DNA and RNA Flashcards
What factor binds to the TATA box?
TFIID
What are the two roles of TFIIH?
Helicase: Unwinds DNA.
Kinase: Phosphorylates RNA Polymerase II.
What synthesizes rRNA
RNA Polymerase I.
What synthesizes tRNA
RNA Polymerase III.
What synthesizes mRNA
RNA Polymerase II.
What is the function of the CAAT box?
Controls transcription frequency.
What factor recognizes the promoter region?
TFIID
What is the function of RNA Polymerase II?
A: Synthesizes mRNA.
Where is the TATA box located?
20-30 bp upstream of the start site
What is the role of TFIID?
It binds to the TATA box and initiates the recruitment of other transcription factors.
What are the two promoter-proximal elements and their role?
CAAT box and GC box: Control the frequency of transcription.
Q: What is the sequence recognized in the promoter region to initiate transcription?
The TATA box.
What is the main product of RNA Polymerase I?
rRNA
Q: What RNA types does RNA Polymerase III synthesize?
tRNA
Q: What type of box controls the start of transcription with accuracy?
A: TATA box.
Q: What is released as a byproduct when ribonucleotides are added during transcription?
A: Pyrophosphate (PPi).
Q: What ensures RNA polymerase does not bind randomly to the DNA?
A: TFIIF.
Q: What factor stabilizes the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter?
TFIIF
Q: What role does the CAAT box play?
A: It controls transcription frequency upstream of the promoter.
Q: What does TFIID recognize on the DNA?
A: The TATA box.
Q: What happens if TFIID fails to bind the TATA box?
A: Transcription cannot initiate.
