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Medicine > DNA and RNA > Flashcards

DNA and RNA Flashcards

1
Q

What factor binds to the TATA box?

A

TFIID

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2
Q

What are the two roles of TFIIH?

A

Helicase: Unwinds DNA.
Kinase: Phosphorylates RNA Polymerase II.

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3
Q

What synthesizes rRNA

A

RNA Polymerase I.

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4
Q

What synthesizes tRNA

A

RNA Polymerase III.

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5
Q

What synthesizes mRNA

A

RNA Polymerase II.

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6
Q

What is the function of the CAAT box?

A

Controls transcription frequency.

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7
Q

What factor recognizes the promoter region?

A

TFIID

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8
Q

What is the function of RNA Polymerase II?

A

A: Synthesizes mRNA.

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9
Q

Where is the TATA box located?

A

20-30 bp upstream of the start site

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10
Q

What is the role of TFIID?

A

It binds to the TATA box and initiates the recruitment of other transcription factors.

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11
Q

What are the two promoter-proximal elements and their role?

A

CAAT box and GC box: Control the frequency of transcription.

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12
Q

Q: What is the sequence recognized in the promoter region to initiate transcription?

A

The TATA box.

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13
Q

What is the main product of RNA Polymerase I?

A

rRNA

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14
Q

Q: What RNA types does RNA Polymerase III synthesize?

A

tRNA

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15
Q

Q: What type of box controls the start of transcription with accuracy?

A

A: TATA box.

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16
Q

Q: What is released as a byproduct when ribonucleotides are added during transcription?

A

A: Pyrophosphate (PPi).

17
Q

Q: What ensures RNA polymerase does not bind randomly to the DNA?

A

A: TFIIF.

18
Q

Q: What factor stabilizes the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter?

A

TFIIF

19
Q

Q: What role does the CAAT box play?

A

A: It controls transcription frequency upstream of the promoter.

20
Q

Q: What does TFIID recognize on the DNA?

A

A: The TATA box.

21
Q

Q: What happens if TFIID fails to bind the TATA box?

A

A: Transcription cannot initiate.

Medicine (7 decks)

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