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TEASV Science > DNA > Flashcards

DNA Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does DNA stand for?

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

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2
Q

What is the purpose of DNA?

A

Stores our genetic instruction, assembly instructions for the organism

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3
Q

How many letters are in the code of DNA?

A

6 billion

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4
Q

What is a somatic cell?

A

Body cell

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5
Q

How many chromosomes does each somatic cell hold contain?

A

46

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6
Q

Where are the cromozones stored in a cell?

A

The nucleus of the cell

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7
Q

What is a Polymer?

A

Structure made up of many repeating units

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8
Q

What is a nucleotide?

A 
Small units (molecules) of DNA 
They are the building blocks of DNA
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9
Q

Having more than one nucleotide is called?

A

Polynucleotide

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10
Q

What are the ingredients of a DNA molecule?

A
  1. A 5 Carbon sugar molecule
  2. 1 of 4 Nitrogen bases
  3. A Phosphate group
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11
Q

What are the 4 Nitrogenous Bases of DNA?

A

Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine

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12
Q

Which Nitro bases are considered Purines and why?

A

Adenine and Guanine because they have two rings

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13
Q

Which Nitro bases are considered Pyrimidines and why?

A

Thymine and Cytosine because they have one ring

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14
Q

Differences between DNA and RNA

A
  1. DNA has a double helix while RNA has a single strand of nucleotides
  2. RNA’s pyrimidine base has uracil instead of thymine
  3. The pentose in DNA is deoxyribose and the pentose in RNA is ribose
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15
Q

Chromosomes contain sections called:

A

Genes

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16
Q

What does a gene contain?

A

Information that specifies production of proteins

17
Q

What are the function of genes within a cell?

A

To send messages inside the cell and to other cells in the form of code

18
Q

Genes sending messages is made possible through

A

Complementary base pairing

19
Q

List the Chromosome hierarchy

A

Chromosomes consists of subunits of genes which consists of DNA

20
Q

Where does RNA translation take place?

A

Within the nucleus of a cell

21
Q

Where are amino-acid chains created?

A

Ribosomes

TEASV Science (18 decks)

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