DM Pharm (NUR 325) Created by Diana Hallis

Question 1

Primary goal of diabetic pharmacology

Answer 1

prevent hyperglycemia and decrease chance of long-term complications

Question 2

Must maintain a __ glycemic control and blood lipid levels

Answer 2

tight

Question 3

Maintain a tight glycemic control by keeping a diabetic’s blood sugar between

Answer 3

80-140

Question 4

For a diabetic you want to keep A1C

Answer 4

Less than 6.5

Question 5

Keep close eye on a diabetic’s

Answer 5

fasting blood glucose levels, AIC, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels

Question 6

Historically those with diabetes would

Answer 6

die within a few days of being diagnosed

Question 7

Later, they discovered carbohydrates would cause they symptoms so they would starve the patient of

Answer 7

Carbs and they would die that way

Question 8

Who discovered injecting the patient with insulin would help control diabetes?

Answer 8

Frederick Banting

Question 9

First human protein to be chemically synthesized

Answer 9

1963

Question 10

First insulin pen

Answer 10

1985

Question 11

First insulin pump

Answer 11

1992

Question 12

Future innovations…

Answer 12

artificial pancreas with insulin pump, bionic pancreas

Question 13

All insulin is given

Answer 13

subcut only

Question 14

Rapid acting insulin

Answer 14

Insulin lispro (Humalog/Novalog)

Question 15

Short acting insulin

Answer 15

human regular (Humulin R/Novolin R)

Question 16

Intermediate acting insulin

Answer 16

NPH (Humulin N)

Question 17

Long acting insulin

Answer 17

glargine (Lantus)

Question 18

Most people use the trade name for glargine

Answer 18

Lantus

Question 19

Short acting insulin (regular insulin) is the only one that isn’t

Answer 19

given subcut

Question 20

Where is insulin given?

Answer 20

Back of arms, stomach, or thighs

Question 21

Rapid acting insulin (lispro) starts working in

Answer 21

15 minutes

Question 22

Rapid acting (lispro) will peak in

Answer 22

1 hour

Question 23

Rapid acting insulin (lispro) will continue to work for

Answer 23

2-4 hours

Question 24

Rapid acting insulin (lispro) is given with meals to

Answer 24

control postprandial meal glucose rises

Question 25

Insulin lispro make sure to give

Answer 25

WITH FOOD!

Question 26

Insulin lispro must be used in conjunction with

Answer 26

intermediate or long acting insulin

Question 27

Regular insulin (short acting) onset

Answer 27

30-60 minutes

Question 28

Regular insulin (short acting) peak

Answer 28

2-6 hours

Question 29

Regular insulin (short acting) duration

Answer 29

3-8 hours

Question 30

Regular insulin (short acting) is given to

Answer 30

control postprandial hyperglycemia before meals

Question 31

Regular insulin (short acting) can also be given for

Answer 31

longer acting glycemic control

Question 32

Regular insulin (short acting) is often given to patients with

Answer 32

tube feeding because they receive tube feeding 24 hours per day

Question 33

Only type of insulin give IV/through infusions

Answer 33

short acting regular insulin

Question 34

NPH insulin (intermediate acting)

Answer 34

Neutral protamine hagedron (NPH)

Question 35

The __ helps slow down the absorption in NPH so that it lasts longer throughout the day

Answer 35

protamine

Question 36

"extended release insulin"

Answer 36

NPH

Question 37

Onset of NPH insulin (intermediate acting)

Answer 37

2-4 hours

Question 38

Peak of NPH insulin (intermediate acting)

Answer 38

4-10 hours

Question 39

Duration of NPH insulin (intermediate acting)

Answer 39

10-20 hours

Question 40

With NPH insulin you won't experience

Answer 40

A big peak like you would with regular or lispro insulin

Question 41

NPH is the __ looking insulin

Answer 41

Cloudy

Question 42

Before administering NPH you need to

Answer 42

shake the bottle

Question 43

NPH insulin (intermediate acting) is typically administered

Answer 43

twice daily to help with glycemic control with meals and throughout the night

Question 44

NPH is the only insulin that is

Answer 44

combined in a shot with another type of insulin

Question 45

NPH insulin (intermediate acting) can be combined with...

Answer 45

lispro (rapid acting) and regular insulin (short acting)

Question 46

When mixing insulin, which one do draw up in the syringe first?

Answer 46

The rapid or short acting insulin/the lispro or regular insulin

Question 47

How to remember which one to draw up first

Answer 47

Clear before cloudy

Question 48

What do you not want to happen when drawing up two insulins in the same syringe?

Answer 48

You don't want them to mix, so you need to draw it up and then give it to the patient right away. Don't let it sit

Question 49

Glargine is a __ acting insulin

Answer 49

long acting insulin

Question 50

Glargine (long acting insulin) is indicated for

Answer 50

once per day dosing

Question 51

Glargine (long acting insulin) onset is

Answer 51

70 minutes and it lasts all day

Question 52

You do not have a __ with glargine like other types of insulin

Answer 52

peak

Question 53

You should never do what with glargine (long acting) insulin?

Answer 53

Mix with other insulins. Must be given in its own shot

Question 54

Glargine (long acting insulin) is typically given at __

Answer 54

at night