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Endocrinology > DM mx > Flashcards

DM mx Flashcards

1
Q

Insulin - mechanism of action

A

direct replacement for endogenous insulin

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2
Q

Insulin - route

A

subcutaneous

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3
Q

Insulin - main side effects

A

hypoglycaemia
weight gain
lipodystrophy

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4
Q

metformin - mechanism of action

A

increase insulin sensitivity

decrease hepatic glucongeogenesis

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5
Q

metformin - route

A

oral

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6
Q

metformin - side effects

A

GI upset

lactic acidosis

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7
Q

1st line management T2DM

A

metformin

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8
Q

metformin - cannot be used in patients with…

A

eGFR < 30

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9
Q

sulfonylureas - mechanism of action

A

stimulate pancreatic beta cells to secrete insulin

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10
Q

sulfonylureas - route

A

oral

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11
Q

sulfonylureas - side effects

A

hypoglycaemia
weight gain
hyponatraemia

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12
Q

sulfonylureas - examples

A

glicazide

glimepiride

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13
Q

thiazolidinediones - mechanism of action

A

activate PPAR-gamma receptor in apidocytes

promotes apidogenesis and fatty acid uptake

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14
Q

thiazolidinediones - side effects

A

weight gain

fluid retetion

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15
Q

thiazolidinediones - route

A

oral

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16
Q

DDP-4 inhibitors (-gliflozins) - mechanism of action

A

increases incretin levels which inhibit glucagon secretion

17
Q

DDP-4 inhibitors (-gliflozins) - route

A

oral

18
Q

DDP-4 inhibitors (-gliptins) - side effects

A

risk of pancreatitis

19
Q

SGLT-2 inhibitors (gliflozins) - mechanism of action

A

inhibit reabsorption of glucose at kidney

20
Q

SGLT-2 inhibitors (gliflozins) - route

A

oral

21
Q

SGLT-2 inhibitors (gliflozins) - side effects

A

UTI

22
Q

SGLT-2 inhibitors (gliflozins) - effect on weight

A

typically result in weight loss

23
Q

GLP-1 agonists (-tides) - mechanism of action

A

incretin mimetic which inhibits glucagon secretion

24
Q

GLP-1 agonists (-tides) - route

A

s/c

25
Q

GLP-1 agonists (-tides) - side effects

A

nausea and vomiting

pancreatitis

26
Q

GLP-1 agonists (-tides) - effect on weight

A

typically results in weight loss

Endocrinology (21 decks)

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