Dm Flashcards
Criteria of diagnosis of pre diabetes
Mention recommendation in case of diabetes mellitus
80% of your daily carbohydrates of low glycemic index
20% of model glycemic index
Recommended insulin storage at
2 to 8 Celsius, Celsius
Neurological assessment in diabetic patient is done by
10 g monofilament testing with at least one another assessment as pinprick temperature vibration
Commonly available sources of 10 g
Glucose
Orange juice:1 cup
• Grape juice: ½ cup
• Table sugar: 4 teaspoons
• Honey: 3 teaspoons
O hold on hypoglycemic drugs liable for hypoglycemia
1st gen sulphynurea longer 1/2 life time
Classification of
hypoglycemia
Level 1: Glucose ˂ 70 mg/dL and glucose ≥ 54
mg/dL
• Level 2: Glucose ˂ 54 mg/dL
• Level3: severe event characterized by altered
mental and/or physical status requiring
assistance
Fa
Complication of insulin therapy
Hypoglycemia
You must treat any diabetic patient with disturbed level
of consciousness as hypoglycemia even before you diagnose
hypoglycemia.
Injection insulin
Rotated
Sc
What to do with freeze insulin
Don’t use it
Appropriate care of this patient’s neuropathy includes:
Improved glycemic control is the primary available treatme
Referral to podiatric care
Medications; such as pregabalin, gabapentin, and amitriptylin
Checking a B12 level, especially if the patient is taking metformi
Metformin for prevention of type 2 diabetes
should be considered in those with
prediabetes:
• BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2
• Aged ˂ 59years
• FBS ≥ 110
• HA1c ≥ 6%
•Women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus.
LIFESTYLE
INTERVENTIONS
Refer patients with prediabetes to
intensive
behavioral lifestyle intervention program to
achieve and maintain:
• 7% loss of initial body weight
• Increase moderate intensity physical activity
(such as brisk walking) to at least 150 min/week
Screening for Type 2
diabetes & prediabetes
- Overweight adult with Additional risk factors:
- Patients with prediabetes (A1C ≥ 5.7%, IGT,
or IFG) should be tested yearly. - Women who were diagnosed with GDM
should have lifelong testing at least every 3
years. - For non overweight/obese patients, testing
should begin at age 35 years. - If results are normal, testing repeated at 3-
Duration of a screening of women with prior GDM
If she is prediabetic, we give her metmorfin
But if she is normal, we care for diabetes every three years lifelong
Screening for Type 2
diabetes & prediabetes
1. Overweight adult with Additional risk factors: ?
➢First-degree relative with diabetes
➢High-risk race/ethnicity
➢History of CVD
➢BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg or on therapy for
hypertension
HDL <35 mg/dL and/or TG ˃250 mg/dL.
➢Women with polycystic ovary syndrome
➢Physical inactivity
➢Associated with insulin resistance (e.g., severe
obesity, acanthosis nigricans)
Patient should be tested for pre-for diabetes every
1 year
Controlling goal of the diabetes millet
Less than seven
Mentions of physical activity recommended for diabetic patient
150 minute bear week for at least three days with no two consecutive days no activity prolonged setting should be interrupted every 30 minutes
Smoking and diabetes
Should be stopped
Duration of foot evaluation for the patient with diabetes
Annually
But if there is sensory loss, ulcer amputation should be evaluated every visit
Examination of diabetic food should be
An inspection of the skin to see deformative
Neurological assessment 10 g monofilament testing with at least one other assessment pin bprick temperature vibration
Vascular assessment, including the pulses and legs and feet
Patient with symptoms of claudication or decreased or absent pedal pulse should be
Referred for ankle brachial index for further vascular assessment
