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MTAP 2 - CC1 Carbohydrates > DM > Flashcards

DM Flashcards

1
Q

Type 1 DM Other Names

A

Insulin dependent DM
Brittle dx
Juvenile onset
Ketosis prone diabetes

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2
Q

Type 2 DM Other Names

A

Noninsulin dependent DM
Adult / Mature onset
Ketosis resistant DM
Stable DM
Receptor deficient DM

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3
Q
  • Occurs because of beta cell destruction
  • lead to insulinopenia / absolute insulin deficiency
  • Will only manifest if _ of beta cells are destroyed
A

Type 1 DM

80-90%

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4
Q

Insulin resistance due to alteration or absence of insulin receptors

A

Type 2 DM

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5
Q

Occurs at any age group

A

Type 1 and Type 2

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6
Q

Most common to childhood / teens

A

Type 1 DM

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7
Q

Most common among adults

A

Type 2 DM

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8
Q

An Autoimmune Dx

(+) Autoantibodies

A

Type 1 DM

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9
Q

Pre-diabetes Stage Autoantibodies

A

Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase – adults
Insulin AubtoAb – common to children
Islet cells AutoAb
Tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2 and IA-2B)
Insulinoma-assoc. Protein 2-AutoAb
Zinc transporter 8 AutoAb

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10
Q

(+) Autoantibodies in adults

A

Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase

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11
Q

(+) Autoantibodies in common to children

A

Insulin AubtoAb

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12
Q

Type 2 Risk Factors

A

Genetics, Race, Ethnicity, Obesity, Sedentary Lifestyle, Dyslipidemia, Hypertension, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

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13
Q

Symptoms develop gradually
Milder symptoms / sometimes asymptomatic

A

Type 2 DM

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14
Q

Symptoms develop gradually
Milder symptoms / sometimes asymptomatic

A

Type 2 DM

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15
Q

Symptoms develop abruptly

A

Type 1 DM

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16
Q

Detectable C-peptide

A

Type 2 DM

17
Q

Decreased or undetectable

A

Type 1 DM

18
Q

Substance formed when insulin is produced by the beta cells of pancreas

A

C-peptide

19
Q

Beta cells produce _ (insulin + C-peptide) which is inactive so it must be cleaved first, only then insulin can act

A

proinsulin N

20
Q

ketosis is common

A

Type 1 DM

21
Q

ketosis is rare

A

Type 2 DM

22
Q

Type 1 DM Medication

A

Insulin

23
Q

Type 2 DM Medication

A

Oral agent
(Metformin - increase insulin sensitivity)

24
Q
  • It does not have β-cell autoantibodies and have episodic requirements for insulin replacement
  • Cause of the disorder is unknown
A

Idiopathic Type 1 DM

25
Q

_ GDM converts to type 2 DM after 10 years that’s why women with GDM should be evaluated _ after birth

A

30-40%;

6-12 weeks

26
Q

A type of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy
* Disorder characterized by impaired ability to metabolize carbohydrate
usually caused by a deficiency of insulin, metabolic or hormonal changes.

A

GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS (GDM)

27
Q

GDM screening should be performed between _ of gestation

A

24 to 28 weeks

MTAP 2 - CC1 Carbohydrates (12 decks)

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