DLA11- Preventing HD & DM-2

Question 1

heart disease and diabetes rank (1) and (2) respectively among the leading causes of death in the US

Answer 1

1- 1st (2nd is cancer)

2- 7th

Question 2

heart disease contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality of those in the (1) age group, leading to major impacts on (2) and (3); it also contributes to (4)% of all disability cases

Answer 2

1- 45-65 y/o (middle age group)
2- labor force (economic costs)
3- family life
4- 30%

Question 3

list the category I or ‘novel’ risk factors of heart disease

Answer 3

• excess homocysteine in blood
• inflammatory markers (CRP)
• abnormal blood coagulation (elevated fibrinogen)

Question 4

list the category II or major modifiable risk factors of heart disease

Answer 4

HTN, abnormal lipids, tobacco use, physical inactivity, obesity, poor diet, DM

Question 5

list the category III or non-modifiable risk factors of heart disease

Answer 5

• inc age
• heredity, FHx
• gender
• ethnicity, race

Question 6

list the category IV or other modifiable risk factors of heart disease

Answer 6

• Low SES
• mental health
• psychosocial stress
• EtOH (heavy use)
• medications
• Lipoprotein A

Question 7

list the 3 ways to diagnose DM type II

Answer 7

• overnight fasting blood glucose > 126 mg/dl
• 2 hr oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) > 200 mg/dl
• HgA1c > 6.5%

Question 8

list some risk factors of DM type II

Answer 8

• FHx, genetics
• ethnicity, race
• h/o gestational diabetes
• dyslipidemia
• overweight, obesity
• poor diet
• physical inactivity

Question 9

(1) and (2) are the most preventable risk factors for HD and DM-2

Answer 9

1- obesity

2- physical inactivity

Question 10

pre-diabetes is also called….

Answer 10

IFG (impaired fasting glucose) or IGT (impaired glucose tolerance)

Question 11

define pre-diabetes (through testing)

Answer 11

• overnight fasting glucose from 100-125 mg/dl
• OGTT 140-199 mg/dl
• HgA1c 5.7-6.4%