Diversity and Classification (Topic 4C) Flashcards
the 8 levels of groups used to classify organisms are known as…
taxa
how are organisms arranged in the hierarchy?
domain
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
a species is…
a group of similar organisms able to reproduce to give fertile offspring
how are organisms named using the bionomial system?
genus name with a capital letter then the species with a lower case letter
courtship behaviour is…
behaviour carried out by organisms to attract a mate of the right species
courtship behaviour is specific which means…
only members of the same species will be attracted to the organism, preventing interbreeding and making reproduction more successful
genome sequencing allows…
the entire base sequence of an organisms DNA to be determined
what causes variation?
- genetic factors
- differences in environment
- a combination of them both
random sampling ensures that there is no….
no bias
you can use ____ and ______ ____ to measure how much variation there is in a sample
mean
standard deviation
biodiversity is….
the variety of living organisms in an area
a habitat is…
the place where an organism lives
a community is….
all the populations of different species in a habitat
species richness is..
the measure of the number of different species in a community
index of diversity =
N (N-1) / sum of n(n-1)
N = total no of organisms of all species
n = total no of organisms of 1 species
how does hedgerow removal and woodland clearance reduce biodiversity?
- reduces no of trees/plants and sometimes no. of species
- removes habitat of some animals
how do pesticides reduce biodiversity?
kills pest organisms, reducing their no. directly and any species that feed on pets lose their food source
how do herbicides reduce biodiversity?
they kill plants, reducing plant diversity and reduce the no. of organisms that can feed on the plants
how does monoculture reduce biodiversity?
a single plant type reduces biodiversity directly and will support fewer organisms
if your result of your spearman’s rank test is above the critical value the null hypothesis is….
rejected
the result is statistically significant so unlikely due to chance
if your result for the spearman’s rank test is below the critical value the null hypothesis is…
accepted
the result isn’t statistically significant so likely due to chance
Explain what is meant by a phylogenetic group
1 mark
grouped according to ancestory
Give three ways in which courtship behaviour increases the probability of successful mating
3 marks
- stimulates production of gametes
- recognition of opposite sex
- attracts members of the same species
Explain what is meant by a hierachy
2 mark
A large group which contains smaller groups which do not overlap
Explain what is meant by genetic diversity
1 mark
different alleles within a species
Describe how organisms are grouped in a phylogenetic classification system
2 marks
- Hierachy of groups with no overlaps
- Grouped according to evoluntionary origins
