Diversity and Classification (Topic 4C)

Question 1

the 8 levels of groups used to classify organisms are known as…

Answer 1

taxa

Question 2

how are organisms arranged in the hierarchy?

Answer 2

domain
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species

Question 3

a species is…

Answer 3

a group of similar organisms able to reproduce to give fertile offspring

Question 4

how are organisms named using the bionomial system?

Answer 4

genus name with a capital letter then the species with a lower case letter

Question 5

courtship behaviour is…

Answer 5

behaviour carried out by organisms to attract a mate of the right species

Question 6

courtship behaviour is specific which means…

Answer 6

only members of the same species will be attracted to the organism, preventing interbreeding and making reproduction more successful

Question 7

genome sequencing allows…

Answer 7

the entire base sequence of an organisms DNA to be determined

Question 8

what causes variation?

Answer 8

1. genetic factors
2. differences in environment
3. a combination of them both

Question 9

random sampling ensures that there is no….

Answer 9

no bias

Question 10

you can use ____ and ______ ____ to measure how much variation there is in a sample

Answer 10

mean
standard deviation

Question 11

biodiversity is….

Answer 11

the variety of living organisms in an area

Question 12

a habitat is…

Answer 12

the place where an organism lives

Question 13

a community is….

Answer 13

all the populations of different species in a habitat

Question 14

species richness is..

Answer 14

the measure of the number of different species in a community

Question 15

index of diversity =

Answer 15

N (N-1) / sum of n(n-1)
N = total no of organisms of all species
n = total no of organisms of 1 species

Question 16

how does hedgerow removal and woodland clearance reduce biodiversity?

Answer 16

1. reduces no of trees/plants and sometimes no. of species
2. removes habitat of some animals

Question 17

how do pesticides reduce biodiversity?

Answer 17

kills pest organisms, reducing their no. directly and any species that feed on pets lose their food source

Question 18

how do herbicides reduce biodiversity?

Answer 18

they kill plants, reducing plant diversity and reduce the no. of organisms that can feed on the plants

Question 19

how does monoculture reduce biodiversity?

Answer 19

a single plant type reduces biodiversity directly and will support fewer organisms

Question 20

if your result of your spearman’s rank test is above the critical value the null hypothesis is….

Answer 20

rejected
the result is statistically significant so unlikely due to chance

Question 21

if your result for the spearman’s rank test is below the critical value the null hypothesis is…

Answer 21

accepted
the result isn’t statistically significant so likely due to chance

Question 22

Explain what is meant by a phylogenetic group
1 mark

Answer 22

grouped according to ancestory

Question 23

Give three ways in which courtship behaviour increases the probability of successful mating

3 marks

Answer 23

1. stimulates production of gametes
2. recognition of opposite sex
3. attracts members of the same species

Question 24

Explain what is meant by a hierachy

2 mark

Answer 24

A large group which contains smaller groups which do not overlap

Question 25

Explain what is meant by genetic diversity

1 mark

Answer 25

different alleles within a species

Question 26

Describe how organisms are grouped in a phylogenetic classification system

2 marks

Answer 26

1. Hierachy of groups with no overlaps
2. Grouped according to evoluntionary origins