diuretics (HF) Flashcards
5 types of diuretics
osmotic carbonic anhydrase thiazide and thiazide related potassium sparing loop diuretics
Where do loop work?
thick part of ascending loop of henle
Where do thiazide work?
DCT
Where do K sparing work?
DCT and collecting tubule
What is their mechanism of action?
- increase diuresis
- decreases plasma volume
- decreases venous return and preload
Why are loop preferred?
more intense
shorter diuresis
What drugs to avoid with diuretics
NSAIDs and COX II inhibitors
What are diuretics combined with?
ACEIs, beta blockers, ARBs, ARNIs
What does dose titration cause?
increased urine output
decrease in body weight
side effects of loop/thiazide diuretics
- depletion phenomenon - dec. K, Na, Mg, circulating blood
- retention - inc uric acid, Ca
- metabolic changes - inc glucose, lipids. renin and aldosterone
side effects of K sparing diuretics
retention phenomenon - inc K
What are diuetics?
anionic, cationic or uncharged molecules at physiological pH
How do diuretics work in the renal tubules?
- they enter tubules via glomerular filtration/active secretion
- interfere with tubular solute/water reabsorption
How do thiazide diuretics work?
inhibit active exchange of Na, Cl in distal convoluted tubule
How do K sparing work?
inhibit reabsorption of Na in distal convoluted and collecting tubule
