diuretics

Question 1

indication for diuretic

Answer 1

-hypertension
-edema
-acute or worsening heart failure

Question 1

actions of diuretics

Answer 1

blocks reabsorption of sodium & water in the kidneys, “dehydrates”

Question 2

what is the first line diuretic for hypertension?

Answer 2

thiazide

Question 3

contraindication for diuretic?

Answer 3

-renal impairment
-pregnacy
-lactation

Question 4

adverse effects of diuretic

Answer 4

-hypovolemia
-hyper/hypokalemia
-hyponatremia

Question 5

drug to drug interactions of diuretic

Answer 5

ACE-inhibitors, ARBs. NSAIDs, K+ rich foods or K+ salt substitutes

Question 6

assessment of patient taking diuretics

Answer 6

-weights
-edema
-orthostasis
-labs (K,Na, renal function, Ca)
-uric acid & sugar levels

Question 7

teaching for patient taking diuretics

Answer 7

-slow position changes
-weight at same time daily
-signs of dehydration
-high/low potassium
-decreased urine output

Question 8

potassium depleting diuretics

Answer 8

-hydrochlorothiazide
-furosemide

Question 9

what kind of diuretic is furosemide?

Answer 9

loop

Question 10

potassium sparing diuretic?

Answer 10

-spironlactone

Question 11

furosemide assessments

Answer 11

-always check BP
-check BUN/CReat, K+ levels prior to giving
-watch for warning signs of hypokalemia
-watch IV push rates

Question 12

warning signs of hypokalemia

Answer 12

-paresthesia
-muscle cramps
-weakness

Question 13

what happens if furosemide is pushed too fast?

Answer 13

-ototoxicity
-tinnitus
-permanent hearing loss
-hypotension

Question 14

IV K+ replacement

Answer 14

-always diluted
-infuse over a min of 1 hour, typically over 4 hours
-use IV pump
-heart monitor

Question 15

spironolactone uses

Answer 15

HTN, heart failure

Question 16

spironolactone side effects

Answer 16

hyperkalemia
hyponatremia

Question 17

signs of hyperkalemia

Answer 17

-palpations
-chest pain
-SOB
-nausea