Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Flashcards
What is the etiology of DIC
- Sepsis
- Malignancy
- Trauma
- Obstetrical complication
- Intravascular hemolysis
When should you suspected DIC
When an individual with generalized oozing from multiple intravenous catheter sites or other signs of bleeding
What will be on the CBC if a patient has DIC
- Thrombocytopenia
- Anemia
What will be on the peripheral blood smear if a patient has DIC
- Schistocytes
- Helmet cells
What will the prothrombin time be if a patient has DIC
Prolonged
What will happen to fibrinogen if a patient has DIC
Low
What will the D-dimer be if a patient has DIC
Increased
What should be considered when diagnosing DIC
- Thrombocytopenia
- Low fibrinogen
- Elevated D-dimer
What is the treatment for DIC
Treat the underlying cause
1. Hemodynamic supports
2. Ventilatory support
3. Aggressive hydration for hemolytic transfusion reaction
When should a platelet transfusion be considered if a patient has DIC
Serious bleeding or need for emergent surgery and platelets <50,000
1. 1-2 units of random donor platelets per 10kg of body weight, or one single donor apheresis unit daily
When should cryoprecipitate be considered for DIC
- Serious bleeding and a singigcantly prolonged PT or APTT
- Serious bleeding and fibrinogen level <50mg/dL
*should receive coagulation actor replacement
What is a good source of fibrinogen and has less volume overload than fresh frozen plasma
Cryoprecipitate
What is the mortality rate of DIC
40-80%
When should anticoagulants be used for DIC
- Prophylaxis during peri-operative period
- Hospital admission for an acute medical illness
- Treatment of venous or arterial thromboembolism
