Disraelis 2nd ministry 1874-80 + election of 1874 & 80

Question 1

why did the Conservatives win the 1874 General Election?

Answer 1

Disraeli made the party more attractive:
- attacked Gladstone & liberalism + lack of social reform
- targeted supporters who where alienated by Gladstones reforms
- promised more foreign policy
- promised to support traditional institutions i.e monarch, CoE

Question 2

how many seats did the conservatives win in the 1874 election?

Answer 2

108 finally gaining a majority after the wilderness years

Question 3

what was Disraelis factory (10hr) act of 1874?
(social)

Answer 3

• reduced working hours of women and young to 10hrs
• increased age children could work from 9 to 10
• it was a consolidation measure: combined previous acts to make it more efficient but did not make significant change (now 9hr movement active)

Question 4

when was Disraelis factory act (10hr act) ?
(social)

Answer 4

1874

Question 5

what was Disraelis Public Health Act, 1875?
(social)

Answer 5

furthered the 1848 act by making it compulsory for local authorities were to provide adequate sewerage, drainage and water supply.

Question 6

when was Disraelis Public Health Act?
(social)

Answer 6

1875

Question 7

what was Disraelis Artisans Dwellings Act, 1875?
(social)

Answer 7

• attempted to deal with slum housing
• gave Local authorities were given the power to buy up and demolish slum housing and replace
• however was not compulsory
• paternalism: aimed to elevate the people and their living standards

Question 8

when was Disraelis Artisans Dwellings Act?
(social)

Answer 8

1875

Question 9

what was Disraelis Conspiracy and Protection of property Act, 1875?
(social)

Answer 9

repealed the Liberals’ Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1871, which had prohibited picketing. allowed trade unions to strike with purpose

Question 10

when was Disraelis Conspiracy and Protection of property Act?
(social)

Answer 10

1875

Question 11

what was Disraelis Employers and Workmen Act, 1875?
(social)

Answer 11

no longer a criminal offence for workmen or their employers to break contract could still face punishment in civil court but could not be fined or imprisoned by criminal court.

Question 12

when was Disraelis Employers and Workmen Act?
(social)

Answer 12

1875

Question 13

what was Disraelis Lord Sandon’s Education Act, 1876?
(social)

Answer 13

forced local authorities to appoint attendance committees; children age 5 to 10 had to be in school (state of church dual system already established)

Question 14

when was Disraelis Lord Sandon’s Education Act?
(social)

Answer 14

1876

Question 15

how does Blake describe Disraelis social reform?

Answer 15

taken together, these reforms “constitute the biggest
instalment of social reform passed by any one government of the 19 th century”.

Question 16

how did paul smith describe Disraelis social reform?

Answer 16

“much of the legislation was a pragmatic response to practical problems which both parties recognised, and might just as well have been passed by the Liberals”. +lack of reforms after 1876.

Question 17

what was Disraelis Merchant Shipping Act, 1876?
(economic)

Answer 17

• prevent overloaded and poorly maintained ships.
• private members bill, from a liberal MP
• maximum load-line, known as a Plimsoll line, was to be marked on every ship.

Question 18

when was Disraelis Merchant Shipping Act?
(economic)

Answer 18

1876

Question 19

what was Disraelis Friendly Societies Act, 1875?
(economic)

Answer 19

establish the registration of societies members would be given financial support i.e pensions or benefits

Question 20

when was Disraelis Friendly Societies Act?
(economic)

Answer 20

1875

Question 21

what was Disraelis Public Worship Regulation Act, 1874?
(religious)

Answer 21

• restricted Roman Catholic practices in CoE
• some clergymen suffered prison sentences.
• modern Conservatism still linked to traditional Toryism.

Question 22

when was Disraelis Public Worship Regulation Act?
(religious)

Answer 22

1874

Question 23

why were the Conservatives defeated by the Liberals in the 1880 general election?

Answer 23

• circumstances i.e depression in 70s Disraeli had to chose between helping WC (paternalism) and protecting agricultural interests (his original supporters UC)
• no major reforms passed after 1876 ran out of steam
• Gladstone returned and revived the liberal party drawing WC support
• Disraeli became a Lord so lost his place in the commons and could not debate with Gladstone
• the liberals were organised than the conservatives
• the conservatives focused more on foreign policy than domestic issues