Disorders of the Canine Vulva/Vagina and Mammary Glands Flashcards

1
Q

vaginal strictures occur more often in what types of dogs?

A

Maiden females (never been bred)

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2
Q

Vaginal strictures are ____ in nature and are often at the site of the junction of the _____ and ______

A

Circumferential; vagina and vestibule

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3
Q

What are the clinical signs of vaginal stricture’s?

A

vaginitis and UTI, inability to mate

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4
Q

When does vaginal stricture usually resolve? How can we help resolve it?

A

Prior to parturition, monitor in late gestation. Can help resolve it via manual stretching during a vaginal exam palpation

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5
Q

Clitoral hypertrophy is a ___ dependent hypertrophy thats assoc. with intersex conditions

A

Hormone

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6
Q

What can be used to help tx clitoral hypertrophy?

A

Test suppression or increase estrogen

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7
Q

What may be seen in cases of hyperadrenocorticism or with exogenous or endogenous testosterone

A

Clitoral hypertrophy

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8
Q

Vaginal prolapse- clinical signs and rule outs

A

Condition occuring from increased estrogen, increased edema from the increased estrogen. Visible mass protruding through the labia. Several different grades, primary rule out is vaginal neoplasia

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9
Q

What is the primary rule out for vaginal prolpase?

A

Vaginal neoplasia

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10
Q

Protrusion of edematous vaginal tissue into the vaginal lumen and/or through the vulvar lips is called….

A

Vaginal prolapse

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11
Q

edema secondary to ____

A

estrogen

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12
Q

When does vaginal prolapse likely occur the most?

A

during the peak of estrogen secretion DURING PROESTRUS

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13
Q

Does vaginal prolapse occur more on the first heat?

A

Nopeee, occurs on the second or third heat

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14
Q

What breeds are overrepresented for vaginal prolapse?

A

Boxers, bullies, pit bulls

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15
Q

Vaginitis usually resolves when…

A

after first heat cycle if its juvenile vaginitis (occuring less than one yr of age)

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16
Q

Vaginitis- females are always very sick. T/F

A

False, usually asymptomatic

17
Q

Vaginitis- diagnostic approach is via ____

A

cytology

18
Q

What should be ruled out with adult onset vaginitis (rarer)

A

Brucellosis (zoonotic potential, reportable!!!), canine herpes, estrogen deprivation after spay, congenital vaginal anatomy abn, underlying urinary tract dz

19
Q

High % of ??? cases recover spontaneously

A

Adult onset vaginitis

20
Q

Vaginal tumors are pretty rare, most are benign. What are examples of malignant tumors?

A

Transmissible veneral tumor (TVT), leiomyosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, hemangiosarcoma

21
Q

Vaginal tumors are typically seen in what kinds of females? What is the tx of choice?

A

Usually older females- exception being TVT; surgical removal is the tx of choice

22
Q

Mammary tumors are the second most tumor type in a female dog. T/F

A

True

23
Q

Mammary tumors are rare in dogs less than 5. T/F

A

True

24
Q

Being intact increases risk of _____ tumors by 4x

A

mammary

25
Q

Cats mammary tumors are usually benign or malignant?

A

Malignant

26
Q

Always send all mammary masses for _______

A

Histopathology

27
Q

Mammary tumors tx:

A

Surgical removal, lumpectomy, mastectomy

28
Q

Galactorrhea/False Pregnancy most commonly occur when???

A

Most commonly occur at end of diestrus

29
Q

Galactorrhea/false pregnancy hormone levels:

A

Decline in progesterone in the face of rising prolactin

30
Q

What is the best tx for false pregnancy?

A

Prolactin inhibitors

31
Q

Mastitis is inflammation of mammary tissue, often occurs during ______

A

Lactation

32
Q

Mastitis- bacterial sp. involved?

A

E. coli, Staphylococci and streptococci are common isolates

33
Q

How do we tx mastitis???

A

IV or oral abx, NSAIDs, hot compresses, cabbage leaves (?)

34
Q

What should we always rule out when dealing with a case lookin like mastitis?

A

Mammary adenocarcinoma

35
Q

CEH is involved with repeated exposure of _______

A

progesterone

36
Q

pyometra and CEH are both involved with high _____

A

progesterone

37
Q

Mammary hyperplasia involves increased _____ from _____

A

Progesterone from ovaries!!!***