Disorders of the Canine Vulva/Vagina and Mammary Glands Flashcards
vaginal strictures occur more often in what types of dogs?
Maiden females (never been bred)
Vaginal strictures are ____ in nature and are often at the site of the junction of the _____ and ______
Circumferential; vagina and vestibule
What are the clinical signs of vaginal stricture’s?
vaginitis and UTI, inability to mate
When does vaginal stricture usually resolve? How can we help resolve it?
Prior to parturition, monitor in late gestation. Can help resolve it via manual stretching during a vaginal exam palpation
Clitoral hypertrophy is a ___ dependent hypertrophy thats assoc. with intersex conditions
Hormone
What can be used to help tx clitoral hypertrophy?
Test suppression or increase estrogen
What may be seen in cases of hyperadrenocorticism or with exogenous or endogenous testosterone
Clitoral hypertrophy
Vaginal prolapse- clinical signs and rule outs
Condition occuring from increased estrogen, increased edema from the increased estrogen. Visible mass protruding through the labia. Several different grades, primary rule out is vaginal neoplasia
What is the primary rule out for vaginal prolpase?
Vaginal neoplasia
Protrusion of edematous vaginal tissue into the vaginal lumen and/or through the vulvar lips is called….
Vaginal prolapse
edema secondary to ____
estrogen
When does vaginal prolapse likely occur the most?
during the peak of estrogen secretion DURING PROESTRUS
Does vaginal prolapse occur more on the first heat?
Nopeee, occurs on the second or third heat
What breeds are overrepresented for vaginal prolapse?
Boxers, bullies, pit bulls
Vaginitis usually resolves when…
after first heat cycle if its juvenile vaginitis (occuring less than one yr of age)
Vaginitis- females are always very sick. T/F
False, usually asymptomatic
Vaginitis- diagnostic approach is via ____
cytology
What should be ruled out with adult onset vaginitis (rarer)
Brucellosis (zoonotic potential, reportable!!!), canine herpes, estrogen deprivation after spay, congenital vaginal anatomy abn, underlying urinary tract dz
High % of ??? cases recover spontaneously
Adult onset vaginitis
Vaginal tumors are pretty rare, most are benign. What are examples of malignant tumors?
Transmissible veneral tumor (TVT), leiomyosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, hemangiosarcoma
Vaginal tumors are typically seen in what kinds of females? What is the tx of choice?
Usually older females- exception being TVT; surgical removal is the tx of choice
Mammary tumors are the second most tumor type in a female dog. T/F
True
Mammary tumors are rare in dogs less than 5. T/F
True
Being intact increases risk of _____ tumors by 4x
mammary
Cats mammary tumors are usually benign or malignant?
Malignant
Always send all mammary masses for _______
Histopathology
Mammary tumors tx:
Surgical removal, lumpectomy, mastectomy
Galactorrhea/False Pregnancy most commonly occur when???
Most commonly occur at end of diestrus
Galactorrhea/false pregnancy hormone levels:
Decline in progesterone in the face of rising prolactin
What is the best tx for false pregnancy?
Prolactin inhibitors
Mastitis is inflammation of mammary tissue, often occurs during ______
Lactation
Mastitis- bacterial sp. involved?
E. coli, Staphylococci and streptococci are common isolates
How do we tx mastitis???
IV or oral abx, NSAIDs, hot compresses, cabbage leaves (?)
What should we always rule out when dealing with a case lookin like mastitis?
Mammary adenocarcinoma
CEH is involved with repeated exposure of _______
progesterone
pyometra and CEH are both involved with high _____
progesterone
Mammary hyperplasia involves increased _____ from _____
Progesterone from ovaries!!!***
