Discs Flashcards
Internal disc derangement can progress into…
a herniation
Annulus failure is often a combination of…
flexion, rotation, and compression
How much trauma is required for herniation?
Less trauma/loading than you might think if there has been repetitive microtrauma over time
What are four disc herniation terms in order of least to most severity?
- Degradation/Derangement
- Disc Protrusion
- Disc Extrusion
- Disc Sequestration
Describe the nucleus and annulus in a contained disc lesion
Which herniation terms apply?
No expression of nuclear material, annular fibers are still intact
Degredation/Derangement and Protrusion
Describe the nucleus and annulus in an uncontained disc lesion
Which herniation terms apply?
Nucleus has breached the annulus and is exposed
Extrusion and Sequestration
When using disc terminology, how is the margin of the disc bulge described?
Symmetrical or asymmetrical
How does disc protrusion appear from the top of the disc?
Protrusion will have a base wider than its peak
How does disc extrusion appear from the top of the disc?
Extrusion will have a narrow base to the bulge
How does protrusion appear in relation to vertebrae?
Base is wider than peak and stays confined to vertebral dimension of disc space
How does extrusion appear in relation to vertebrae?
Narrow base and can extend beyond endplates
What is nuclear sequestration?
Loss of continuity with “parent disc”
Describe mild, moderate, vs severe herniation
Mild: <1/3 of vertebral canal
Moderate: 1/3-2/3
Severe: >2/3
Describe leg symptoms presented with a non-contained disc
May present with radicular pain into the leg that can travel below the knee depending on which nerve is involved
In a lumbar disc herniation, the ___ nerve root will most likely be affected
transiting
