Disability and Legislation

Question 1

What is the definition of impairment?

Answer 1

• Any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function
• Considered to occur at level of organ or system function

Question 2

What is definition of disability?

Answer 2

• Any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in manner or within range considered normal for human being
• Concerned with functional performance or activity, affecting whole person
• Activity restricted by impairment

Question 3

What is the definition of handicap?

Answer 3

• Disadvantage for given individual, resulting from impairment or disability
• limits or prevent fulfilment of role that is normal for that individual (depending on age, sex, social and cultural factor)

Question 4

What is the Equality Act 2010?

Answer 4

• Legally protects people from discrimination in workplace and wider society
• Provides legal framework to protect rights of individuals and advance equality of opportunity for all
• Provides Britain with discrimination law which protects individuals from unfair treatment and promote fair and equal society

Question 5

What are the protected characteristics?

Answer 5

• Age
• Disability
• Gender reassignment
• Marriage or civil partnership (in employment only)
• Pregnancy and maternity
• Race
• Religion or belief
• Sex
• Sexual orientation

Question 6

What are the types of discrimination?

Answer 6

• Direct discrimination
• Indirect discrimination
• Harassment
• Victimisation

Question 7

What is direct discrimination?

Answer 7

• Treating someone with protected characteristic less favourably than others

Question 8

What is indirect discrimination?

Answer 8

• Putting rules or arrangements in place that apply to everyone, but someone with protected characteristic at unfair disadvantage

Question 9

What is harrassment?

Answer 9

• Unwanted behaviour linked to protected characteristic that violates someone’s dignity or creates offensive environment for them

Question 10

What is victimisation?

Answer 10

• Treating someone unfairly becuase they’ve complained about discrimination or harassment

Question 11

What is the definition of disability in the Equality act ?

Answer 11

• Having physical or mental impairment that has a ‘substantial’ and ‘long-term’ negative effect on your ability to do normal daily activities

Question 12

What is the inverse care law?

Answer 12

• Availability of good medical care tends to inversely go with need for the population served

Question 13

How does the Equality act 2010 affect dentistry?

Answer 13

• Places legal duty on organisations including dental services to make reasonable adjustments to reduce barriers that may affect people accessing care

Question 14

What are the 5 domains for overcoming barriers?

Answer 14

• Accessibility
• Accommodation
• Affordability
• Acceptability
• Availability

Question 15

What are some upstream actions to disability services?

Answer 15

• Policies aimed at social inclusion and better access to education and employment opportunities
• Eligibility for free or subsided dental care

Question 16

What is a downstream action approach?

Answer 16

• Design of regional dental care infrastructure to increase access to dental care for disabled people

Question 17

What is the Adult’s with Incapacity Act 2000?

Answer 17

• Protect individuals aged 16 and over who lack capacity to make some or all decisions for themselves
• Support their families and carers managing and safeguarding the individuals welfare and finances

Question 18

What is an individual incapable of doing defined under the AWI act?

Answer 18

• Acting or
• Making decision
• Communicating decision
• Understanding decisions
• Retaining memory of decisions

Question 19

What is the Patient Right’s Act?

Answer 19

• Gives everyone the right to receive healthcare that
  
  • considers their needs
  • Considers what would benefit their health and wellbeing
  • Encourages them to take part in decisions about health and wellbeing, giving them the info and support to do so

Question 20

What is the Mental Health (Care and treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003

Answer 20

• Applies to people who have mental disorder
• Defined under the Act and includes any mental illness, personality disorder or learning disorder

Question 21

What is emergency detention?

Answer 21

• Allows person to be held in hospital for up to 72hrs whilst condition is assessed
• Only take place when recommended by DR and where poss a mental health officer should also agree

Question 22

What is short-term detention?

Answer 22

• Only take place if recommended by psychiatrist and mental health officer
• Named person should also be consulted
• Usual route into hospital under law

Question 23

What is a CTO?

Answer 23

• Compulsory treatment order
• Allows person to be treated for mental illness
• Has set conditions that you need to comply with and depend on whether you stay in hospital or in community