Disability, Ableism, and Ageism

Question 1

economic security

Answer 1

the extent to which someone has available economic resources that defines the amount of support and services that are available

Question 2

disability

Answer 2

disqualification, restriction, or disadvantage or an inability to pursue an occupation because of physical or mental impairment

Question 3

medical model of disability

Answer 3

disability/illness occurs as the result of a physical or mental condition, so curing/managing/controlling what is “wrong” with the individual so as to help “normalize” the individual as much as possible

Question 4

social model of disability

Answer 4

focuses on social barriers and biases against people with disabilities and not on the person, the disability, or the medical condition itself, so that it is society that has failed to embrace and accommodate the person (focuses on the individual’s strengths)

Question 5

pathology

Answer 5

individual’s diagnosis, disease, injury, condition, or illness

Question 6

impairments

Answer 6

individual’s dysfunction or structural abnormalities in a specific bodily system

Question 7

functional limitations

Answer 7

individual’s ability to perform daily or life activities

Question 8

disability

Answer 8

individual’s difficulty in doing basic activities such as work, household management, hobbies, leisure/recreation, and social interactions

Question 9

Nagi’s 4 part model

Answer 9

pathology, impairments, functional limitations, and disability

Question 10

extraindividual intervention

Answer 10

effective medical and rehabilitative care, caregiver support, adaptive/assistive devices, social service programs, and structural or architectural modifications

Question 11

intraindividual intervention

Answer 11

lifestyle and behavior changes, psychological attributes, coping strategies, activity accommodations that help a person maintain independence for as long as possible

Question 12

roles that may intersect

Answer 12

individual, family, and community

Question 13

polytrauma

Answer 13

two or more permanent injuries to the body resulting in physical, cognitive, psychological, or psychosocial impairment and functional disability

Question 14

ableism

Answer 14

social attitudes, rehabilitation, and counseling practices, and policies that favor individuals who have or are perceived as having full physical and mental health abilities

Question 15

Soldier Rehabilitation Act

Answer 15

government established formal program of training and counseling for US veterans

Question 16

Civilian Rehabilitation Act

Answer 16

1920, provided grants to states to implement programs addressing the needs of “ordinary citizens with disabilities”

Question 17

Elementary & Secondary Education Act

Answer 17

1965, authorized federal monies to states to educate “deprived” children, including those with disabilities

Question 18

Education for All Handicapped Children Act

Answer 18

1975, to help children with disabilities receive a free and appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment

Question 19

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

Answer 19

IDEA, recently amended and signed under revised title Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004

Question 20

Americans with Disabilities Act

Answer 20

ADA, 1990, protects the rights of people with disabilities and prohibits discrimination in employment, public accommodations, government services, some communication services, and public and private transportation systems

Question 21

baby boomers

Answer 21

people born between 1946-1964

Question 22

ageism

Answer 22

the assumption that chronological age is the main determinant of human characteristics and that one age is better than another

Question 23

adultism

Answer 23

discrimination against youth and children

Question 24

age discrimination

Answer 24

denying a job or promotion to an individual solely on the basis of age (illegal)

Question 25

U.S. Age Discrimination in Employment Act

Answer 25

1986, protects workers over age 40

Question 26

Older Americans Act Amendments

Answer 26

2006, protect rights of older people who are entitled to an adequate retirement income, best possible physical and mental health science can provide, suitable housing, full restorative services for those needing institutional care, employment opportunity, independence, etc.

Question 27

gerontological counselor

Answer 27

specializes in working with aging and older clients and their families when faced with changes in lifestyles due to aging

Question 28

ACA gerontological competencies

Answer 28

exhibits positive attitude toward older persons, sensitivity to sensory and physical limitations, knowledge of unique considerations in establishing/maintaining helping relationship, knowledge of social and cultural foundations, knowledge of techniques, knowledge of lifestyle/career concerns, unique aspects of appraisals, sources of research literature, formal/informal referral networks

Question 29

successful aging

Answer 29

avoidance of disease and disability, maintenance of cognitive & physical function, sustained engagement with life