Disability, Ableism, and Ageism Flashcards
economic security
the extent to which someone has available economic resources that defines the amount of support and services that are available
disability
disqualification, restriction, or disadvantage or an inability to pursue an occupation because of physical or mental impairment
medical model of disability
disability/illness occurs as the result of a physical or mental condition, so curing/managing/controlling what is “wrong” with the individual so as to help “normalize” the individual as much as possible
social model of disability
focuses on social barriers and biases against people with disabilities and not on the person, the disability, or the medical condition itself, so that it is society that has failed to embrace and accommodate the person (focuses on the individual’s strengths)
pathology
individual’s diagnosis, disease, injury, condition, or illness
impairments
individual’s dysfunction or structural abnormalities in a specific bodily system
functional limitations
individual’s ability to perform daily or life activities
disability
individual’s difficulty in doing basic activities such as work, household management, hobbies, leisure/recreation, and social interactions
Nagi’s 4 part model
pathology, impairments, functional limitations, and disability
extraindividual intervention
effective medical and rehabilitative care, caregiver support, adaptive/assistive devices, social service programs, and structural or architectural modifications
intraindividual intervention
lifestyle and behavior changes, psychological attributes, coping strategies, activity accommodations that help a person maintain independence for as long as possible
roles that may intersect
individual, family, and community
polytrauma
two or more permanent injuries to the body resulting in physical, cognitive, psychological, or psychosocial impairment and functional disability
ableism
social attitudes, rehabilitation, and counseling practices, and policies that favor individuals who have or are perceived as having full physical and mental health abilities
Soldier Rehabilitation Act
government established formal program of training and counseling for US veterans
Civilian Rehabilitation Act
1920, provided grants to states to implement programs addressing the needs of “ordinary citizens with disabilities”
Elementary & Secondary Education Act
1965, authorized federal monies to states to educate “deprived” children, including those with disabilities
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
1975, to help children with disabilities receive a free and appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
IDEA, recently amended and signed under revised title Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004
Americans with Disabilities Act
ADA, 1990, protects the rights of people with disabilities and prohibits discrimination in employment, public accommodations, government services, some communication services, and public and private transportation systems
baby boomers
people born between 1946-1964
ageism
the assumption that chronological age is the main determinant of human characteristics and that one age is better than another
adultism
discrimination against youth and children
age discrimination
denying a job or promotion to an individual solely on the basis of age (illegal)
U.S. Age Discrimination in Employment Act
1986, protects workers over age 40
Older Americans Act Amendments
2006, protect rights of older people who are entitled to an adequate retirement income, best possible physical and mental health science can provide, suitable housing, full restorative services for those needing institutional care, employment opportunity, independence, etc.
gerontological counselor
specializes in working with aging and older clients and their families when faced with changes in lifestyles due to aging
ACA gerontological competencies
exhibits positive attitude toward older persons, sensitivity to sensory and physical limitations, knowledge of unique considerations in establishing/maintaining helping relationship, knowledge of social and cultural foundations, knowledge of techniques, knowledge of lifestyle/career concerns, unique aspects of appraisals, sources of research literature, formal/informal referral networks
successful aging
avoidance of disease and disability, maintenance of cognitive & physical function, sustained engagement with life
