Chapter 3

Question 1

social advocacy

Answer 1

act of arguing on behalf of an individual, group, idea, or issue in the pursuit of influencing outcomes

Question 2

social justice

Answer 2

belief in a just world with fair treatment and equal distribution of the benefits of society

Question 3

social justice counseling

Answer 3

recognizes the impact of oppression, privilege, and discrimination on the mental health of individuals

Question 4

social injustice

Answer 4

punishment for not following norms and the unequal assignment of privilege

Question 5

oppression

Answer 5

state of asymmetric power characterized by dominion, subordination, and resistance, where the dominating person or groups exercise their power by restricting access to material resources and by implanting in the subordinated persons or groups fear or self-deprecating views about themselves

Question 6

structural violence

Answer 6

marginalization that results from oppressive institutions

Question 7

oppression by force

Answer 7

act of imposing on an individual or groups an object, label, role, experience, or living condition that is unwanted and causes physical and psychological pain

Question 8

oppression by deprivation

Answer 8

depriving an individual or groups an object, label, role, experience, or living condition and hinders psychological and physical well-being

Question 9

primary oppression

Answer 9

overt acts of oppression, including oppression by force and oppression by deprivation

Question 10

secondary oppression

Answer 10

individuals benefiting from the overt oppressive acts of others

Question 11

tertiary oppression

Answer 11

aka internalized oppression, refers to the identification of the dominant message by members of the minority group, often to seek acceptance by the dominant group

Question 12

power

Answer 12

having control, choice, autonomy, and authority or influence over others

Question 13

privilege

Answer 13

having power, access, advantage, and a majority status

Question 14

resilience

Answer 14

behaviors and attitudes that clients identify as beneficial in coping with stressful situations and adversity

Question 15

empowerment

Answer 15

the process by which the powerless and marginalized become aware, develop skills and capacity for gaining control, exercising said control without infringing on the rights of others, while actively supporting the empowerment of others

Question 16

ACA advocacy competencies

Answer 16

call for increased knowledge of social justice in counseling, advocating when appropriate (A.6.a Advocacy) but only with prior client consent (A.6.b Confidentiality and Advocacy)

Question 17

levels of advocacy competency

Answer 17

microlevel (client/student)
middle level (community & systems)
macrolevel (public information and policy)

Question 18

2 realms of advocacy competency

Answer 18

acting with & acting on behalf

Question 19

ACA advocacy competency

Answer 19

1. client/student empowerment
2. client/student advocacy
3. community collaboration
4. systems advocacy
5. public information
6. social/political advocacy

Question 20

self-awareness

Answer 20

awareness of one’s own cultural values and biases

Question 21

client services

Answer 21

empowerment of disenfranchised clients by understanding the client’s worldview, formulating questions that expose

Question 22

community collaboration

Answer 22

working toward social change at the organizational and institutional levels