Chapter 5 Flashcards
Transgender
Gender identities and expressions don’t fit into social norms of sex assignment (male, female) and gender binary (man, woman). Biggest needs: violence prevention, HIV prevention & treatment, drug/alcohol abuse, crisis counseling for suicidal ideation & depression
Gender
Both biologically determined and socially constructed
Gender Identity Disorder
Controversial-labels being transgendered as a disorder in DSM IV, replaced by Gender Dysphoria in DSM V
Genderqueer
Inclusive term for a person who does not identify w/gender pronouns for male or female
Intersex
Varieties of reproductive/sexual anatomy that don’t fit into societal constructs of female (XX) or male (XY)
Sexism
Oppression of individuals based on gender
Internalized sexism
Women begin to believe sexist messages
Male privilege
Unearned rights and benefits afforded to men solely based on their biological sex
APA guidelines for working w/women and girls
11 guidelines in 3 sections:
Diversity, social context, power
Professional responsibility
Practice applications
Normative male alexithymia
Inability to put feelings into words resulting from a long socialization process in which boys are taught to suppress/deny feelings of vulnerability
Code of masculinity
Boys learn that becoming men means avoiding feminine attitudes and not getting too close to other boys due to learned restrictive emotionality
Male gender conflict
Theory of understanding how traditional gender role socialization can result in negative consequences for men who remain rigid in changing circumstances (like work vs. home)
- Success, power, & competition
- Conflict w/ work & family
- Restricted emotionality
- Restricted affectionate expression for males
Transgenerational focus
Men can revisit their relationships with significant male figures
Sex
Assignment of male or female at birth
Gender
Individual’s identification as a man or woman, regardless if his or her sex assignment
machismo
repudiation of all feminine virtues such as unselfishness, kindness, frankness, and truthfulness, to be willing to fight and kill w/out hesitation to protect one’s manly image
marianismo
from Virgin Mary traits, extreme femininity and subordination to males, giving women who bear children a higher spiritual status
anorexia & bulimia nervosa
3%-10% of females ages 15-29 years, coping strategies for women who struggle with identity issues and managing a sense of control over their environment, disempowerment, literal emotional/physical malnourishment
recovering from physical/sexual abuse
1-safety from abusers and free from stressors
2-making meaning from trauma by reviewing details and acknowledging associated feelings
3-reconnecting with sense of self and with important relationships with others
*entrapment in cycle of abuse due to the societal system of sexism which leads a woman to up her tendency to placate and please
disparity in wages
single-mom families 26%, with 34% of single-mother-headed families living below poverty line
imposter phenomenon
high-achieving women fear trusting in their intelligence and work talents, resulting in fears that others will eventually “find out” that they are not as capable as they actually are
resilience
degree of self-acceptance, engagement in positive relationships, and mastery of contextual environments that allows healing to take place, affected by family characteristics like conflict and cohesion, resilience strategies include self-care, community connection, and social activism
parents’ treatment of gender
dads more likely than moms to treat kids differently, both moms and dads more likely to encourage boys to act like boys, while encouraging girls to be themselves
