disability Flashcards

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1
Q

medical model

A

disability - personal tragedy - disabled deserve our pity
- inferior - abnormal
- normalisation only through cure

Best - traditionally disability seen in terms of a person’s ability to participate in everyday activities

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2
Q

social model

A

1980s

  • view developed by disabled people - biological disability less important than social disability

Oliver - society which disables physically impaired people - excluded from full participation - stereotypical attitudes

Best - society generates discrimination and exclusion - social constructions of prejudice

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3
Q

marxist views

A

difficult for disabled people to construct positive identities - unable to work esp in high-status jobs

finkelstein - negative cultural attitudes product of capitalism’s emphasis on work as a source of identity

pre-industrial - this view didnt exist: able-bodied and disabled should be segregated and treated differently

industrialisation - responsible for dramatic shift in cultural attitudes

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4
Q

feminist views

A

difficult for disabled women to construct positive identities - not viewed as sexually attractive

however - interactionists - marxists and feminist view that disabled are passive - goffman’s third strategy of becoming involved in identity politics suggests disabled people are able to construct resistant identities

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5
Q

interactionist views

A

disability - social construct - label applied to group of people who are identified by society in particular way

goffman - stigmatised identity - derogatory names, media images, different medical treatment, barriers in employment and constructed dependency

scott - study of blind people - internalise expert’s view of themselves - blind personality

stigma management - hide stigma, admit stigma try to relive tension that arises in interactions, protest against stigma

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6
Q

postmodernist views

A

disabled people are free to express themselves in more ways than past due to new technology eg second long

however - structural theorists - postmodernists fail to acknowledge the significant impact of structural inequalities that technology cannot compensate for

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7
Q

disability as a social construct

A

most of uk population have some form of impairment eg glasses
not labelled as disabled because society does not define these as a problem

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8
Q

disabled identity and independence

A

Marsh and Keating - no one is independent - in modern societies we are interdependent

why some social mobility aids eg wheelchairs have negative social reaction

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9
Q

learned helplessness

A

Watson - stereotypical perceptions of disabled people about dependency and helplessness affect how disabled people perceive themselves and abilities - self fulfilling prophecy

scott - looked at interactions between medical professionals and blind people - blind personality and learned helplessness

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10
Q

stereotypes and media representations

A

negative
- longmore - represented as monsters, dependent on others, objects of pity
- cumberbatch and negrine - rarely present them as a person and individual - focus on disability
wood - lack of disabled people employed in media - no one challenging stereotypical views - changing eg BBC bodyguard

positive
- recent changes - Paralympics in london

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11
Q

prejudice and discrimination of disabled

A

master status - dominant label that overrides all other aspects of that person’s identity

  • multiple identities - disabled people may not identify through disability
  • hard for people to see the real ‘me’
  • disabled people find themselves segregated
  • prejudice translated into discrimination eg employment
  • brown - people with disabilities seen as innocents or perverts
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12
Q

disabled identity and resistance

A

social model - more positive representations of disabled people should be promoted - focusing on independence, choice

Antie - children with disabilities do not qualitatively differ in how they see disabilities compared to children without disabilities

Olney and Kim - disabled people felt more positive about self-image

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13
Q

disabled identity in contemporary society

A

prejudice and discrimination still present
physical and biological factors eg pain can affect experience of social life

societal expectations are becoming less rigid

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14
Q

positive

A

social model
interactionism
media representation changes
socialisation
resisting label

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15
Q

negative

A

medical model
marxism
feminism
interacionism
postmodernism
media representations

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