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Biology: Anatomy and Physiology > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

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1
Q

Muscular tube extends…

A

From oral cavity to anus

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2
Q

Another name for digestive tract?

A

GI Tract Alimentary canal

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3
Q

4 layers of digestive tract:

A

1) Mucosa
2) Submucosa
3) Muscularis externa
4) Serosa : Visceral Peritoneum

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4
Q

Mucosa

A

Inner lining of digestive tract
Contains epithelium + lamina propria
Aids in secretion and absorption

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5
Q

Lamina Propria

A

Loose areolar connective tissue in mucosa along with Muscularis mucosae
Arranged in two concentric layers

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6
Q

Submucosa

A

Dense, irregular connective tissue with large blood vessels

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7
Q

Muscularis externae

A

Has smooth muscle cells, arranged in an inner circular layer with a longitudinal outer layer

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8
Q

Peristalsis

A

Waves of muscular contractions (using both inner circular and longitudinal muscles) that move bolus along tract

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9
Q

4 types of teeth

A

Incisors
Cuspid
Bicuspids
Molars

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10
Q

Two types of dentition teeth

A

Primary dentition teeth: 20 temporary teeth

Secondary dentition teeth: 32 permanent teeth

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11
Q

3 functions of saliva

A

Lubricate mouth
Dissolve chemicals that stimulate taste buds
Initiates digestion with salivary amylase

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12
Q

What is part of the nervous system and makes mouth water at the thought food?

A

Parasympathetic.

It accelerates secretion.

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13
Q

3 phases of swallowing:

A

Buccal phase
Pharyngeal phase
Esophageal phase

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14
Q

What kind of tissue is located in the esophagus?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium in the mucosa

Because it deals with roughage

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15
Q

Regions of the stomach

A

Cardia
Fundus
Body
Pylorus

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16
Q

Major functions of the stomach

A

Storage
Mechanical breakdown
Disruption of chemical bonds
Production of intrinsic factor

17
Q

What is intrinsic factor?

A

Glycoproteins required for absorption of vitamin B12

18
Q

What kind of tissue is in the stomach?

A

Simple columnar epithelium

Good for secretion

19
Q

What are parietal cells?

A

Secrete intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid

20
Q

What is pepsin?

A

Active enzyme that breaks down protein

21
Q

What is pepsinogen?

A

An inactive proenzyme.

Needs acidic, or low pH by HCl to convert to pepsin.

22
Q

3 phases of gastric activity:

A

Cephalic
Gastric
Intestinal

23
Q

3 segments of small intestine:

A

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

24
Q

Which 2 are retroperitoneal?

A

Pancreas and duodenum

25
Q

6 Functions of Digestive Tract

A 
Ingestion
Mechanical processing
Digestion / Chemical Breakdown of food
Secretion
Absorption
Excretion
26
Q

What is intrinsic factor?

A

A glycoproteins required for absorption of vitamin B12

Biology: Anatomy and Physiology (10 decks)

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