Digestive System

Question 1

Why can blood show through the lips?

Answer 1

They are poorly keratinized

Question 2

How does taste work?

Answer 2

Taste buds are activated by food, and send nerve impulses to the brain through cranial nerves

Question 3

What are the two parts of the mouth?

Answer 3

Anterior hard palate and posterior soft palate

Question 4

What is the hard palate of the mouth made of?

Answer 4

Muscle and bone

Question 5

What is the soft palate of the mouth made of?

Answer 5

Muscle

Question 6

What does the soft palate end in?

Answer 6

The uvula

Question 7

What do the tonsils do?

Answer 7

Protect against infection

Question 8

What are the nasopharynx tonsils called?

Answer 8

Adenoids

Question 9

Where are the three pairs of salivary glands located?

Answer 9

1) Sides of the face 2) Beneath the tongue 3) Beneath the floor of the mouth

Question 10

What does salivary amylase do?

Answer 10

It digests starches

Question 11

How many baby teeth are there?

Answer 11

20

Question 12

How many adult teeth are there?

Answer 12

32

Question 13

What are the two parts of the tooth?

Answer 13

Crown and root

Question 14

What is enamel made out of?

Answer 14

Dentin (bonelike material) Pulp (nerves and blood vessels)

Question 15

What causes tooth decay?

Answer 15

Bacteria in the mouth that metabolize sugar and give off acids, which erode teeth

Question 16

What is bolus?

Answer 16

The mixture of food and saliva that the tongue creates in preparation for swallowing

Question 17

What is the pharynx?

Answer 17

It is the region that receives air and food

Question 18

What happens during swallowing?

Answer 18

1) Soft palate moves back and closes off nasopharynx 2) Trachea moves up under epiglottis to cover glottis

Question 19

What is peristalsis?

Answer 19

It is the contraction that pushes food along the digestive tract

Question 20

What are sphincters?

Answer 20

The muscles that encircle and act as valves for tubes

Question 21

What are rugae?

Answer 21

Folds in the stomach wall

Question 22

What is typically the maximum capacity for the stomach?

Answer 22

4L

Question 23

What is food called when it leaves the stomach?

Answer 23

Chyme

Question 24

What are the first 25 cm of the small intestine called?

Answer 24

The duodenum

Question 25

What is a lacteal?

Answer 25

A small lymphatic capillary in the villus

Question 26

What is a hormone?

Answer 26

A substance produced by a set of cells that is designed to target another set of cells

Question 27

What are the parts of the large intestine?

Answer 27

Cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal

Question 28

What is the vermiform appendix?

Answer 28

A projection from the cecum that may play a role in fighting infection

Question 29

What is peritonitis?

Answer 29

The bursting of the appendix

Question 30

What is the stable blood glucose level?

Answer 30

50-80mg/ml

Question 31

What is urea?

Answer 31

The byproduct of amino acid breakdown

Question 32

How much bile does the liver produce per day?

Answer 32

400-800ml

Question 33

Salivary amylase

Answer 33

Salivary glands, starch –> maltose

Question 34

Pancreatic amylase

Answer 34

Pancreas, starch –> maltose

Question 35

Maltase

Answer 35

Small intestine, maltose –> 2 glucose

Question 36

Pepsin

Answer 36

Gastric glands, protein –> peptides

Question 37

Trypsin

Answer 37

Pancreas, Protein –> peptides

Question 38

Peptidase

Answer 38

Peptide –> amino acid

Question 39

Nuclease

Answer 39

Pancreas, RNA and DNA –> nucleotides

Question 40

Nucleosidase

Answer 40

Nucleotide –> sugar, base, phosphate

Question 41

Lipase

Answer 41

Fat –> glycerol, fatty acid