Digestive System Flashcards

(55 cards)

1
Q

5 Stages of Digestion

A

Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Compaction, Defacation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Stage of Digestion where you simply take IN food by the mouth

A

INgestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Stage of digestion where the mechanical & chemical breakdown of food occur

A

Digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Stage of digestion where substance move from intestinal lumen to capillaries/lymphatics

A

Absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Stage of digestion where the absorption of water turns into feces

A

Compaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Stage of digestion where elimination of feces

A

Defecation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Physical breakdown of food into small pieces

A

Mechanical digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Breaks down dietary macromolecules into their monomers

A

Chemical Digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

long chains of amino acids

A

Proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

long chains of glucose

A

carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The tube from mouth to anus

A

Digestive Tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Digestive Tract includes

A

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

This tract includes stomach and intestinal organs

A

GI Tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Accessory Organs of Digestive Tract Include

A

Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

These need little digestion for absorption

A

Vitamins, AA, minerals, cholesterol, and H20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Digestive Tract Wall layers

A

Mucosa, Submucosa, Muscularis, Serosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

This system has over 100 milli neurons , 2 plexes and can function independently of CNS but is apart of ANS

A

Enteric Nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

2 plexes of Enteric Nervous System

A

Submucosal and Myenteric (

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Mechanisms that control motility and secretion of digestive tract

A

Neural , Hormone, Paracrine Mechanims

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

First step in mechanical digestion by act of CHEWING foods into smaller pieces, exposing more surface area

A

MASTICATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where does the digestion of fat and starch begin?

A

In the saliva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

enzyme that begins starch digestion in the mouth

A

Salivary Amylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

enzyme that is activated by stomach acid and digests fat after food is swallowed

A

Lingual Lipase

24
Q

binds and lubricates a mass of food and aids in swallowing

25
enzyme that kills bacteria
Lysozome
26
Binding of food by saliva , tthat can be easily swallowed
Bolus
27
Muscular funnel connecting oral cavity to esophagus and nasal cavity to larynx
pharynx
28
Esophagus contains this kind of tissue
Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
29
Food storage organ that holds up to 4L when extremely full
Stomach
30
What happens to food in stomach?
Mechanically breaks up food, liquefies it, and begins chemical digestion of protein and fat
31
soupy or pasty mixture of semi-digested food in the stomach
Chyme
32
Most digestion occurs after the chyme passes ?
From stomach to small intestine
33
Too much water in colon w/ fecal matter
Diarrhea
34
Blood drained from stomach and intestines enters?
Hepatic Portal Circulation
35
Once blood from stomach enters hepatic portal circulation
material is processed by liver, then passed to the heart, then enters the general circulation.
36
Cells of the stomach include
mucosa, regenerative (stem), parietal, chief, enteroendocrine cells
37
These cells secrete HCl , intrinsic factor, hunger hormone & ghrelin
Parietal Cells
38
These cells are the most numerous & Secrete gastric lipase and pepsinogen
Chief Cells
39
What activates pepsin & Lingual Lipase?
HCl
40
The only digestive enzyme in the stomach
Pepsin (inactive)
41
Most digestive enzymes are made in
the pancreas
42
What is needed to absorb vitamin b12?
Intrinsic factor
43
What is needed to produce hemoglobin?
b12
44
Gastric Juice is a mix of
water, hydrochloric acid, and pepsin
45
How much gastric juice produced by the glands daily?
2-3L
46
Gastric Juice has a high concentration of this, which makes it highly acidic?
Hydrochloric Acid
47
digestive enzymes secreted as inactive proteins
zymogens
48
Pepsinogen (inactive protein) once active becomes
pepsin
49
This protein digest big proteins (dietary proteins) into (shorter peptides) smaller pieces
pepsin
50
Most digestion and nearly all absorption occur after the chyme ?
passes into small intestine (mainly the jejunum)
51
How is stomach protected from the harsh acidic and enzymatic environment it creates??
Mucous coat, tight junctions, epithelial cell replacement
52
What neutralizes in duodenum
Bicarbonate
53
Where does small intestine receive chyme?
From stomach and secretions from liver and pancreas; which mix in duodenum, which turns into jejunum where digestion and absorption take place
54
organ made up of hepatocytes that secrete bile
liver
55
Organ that STORES bile
GallBladder