Digestive Flashcards
Major functions of digestive system
Digestion : break down and absorb nutrients into flood
Metabolism: production of atp and anabolic and catabolic pathways
Alimentary tract
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus
Accessory organs
Salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
3 regions of pharynx
Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
4 layers of alimentary canal organs innermost to outermost
Mucosa, submucosa, muscle layers, serosa
What is the name of the sphincter between the esophagus and the beginning of the stomach?
Cardioesophageal sphincter located on the left side of the abdominal cavity
What are the rejoins of stomach
Cardiac region, fundus, body, pylorus
What is the name of the sphincter at the end of the stomach?
Pyloric sphincter
What are the duties of the stomach?
Acts as a storage tank for food
Site of food breakdown
Chemical breakdown of protein begins
Delivers chyme to the small intestine
Mucous neck cells
produce a sticky alkaline mucus
Gastric glands
Secrete gastric juice
Chief cells
Produce protein-digesting enzymes (pepsinogens)
Parietal cells
Produce hydrochloric acid
Endocrine cells
Produce gastrin
Sections of small intestine
Duodenum jejunum illeum
Substance that enters small intestine from the gallbladder
Source of enzymes that are mixed with chyme-intestinal cells and pancreas
Bike enters from gall bladder
What are the sections of the large intestine
Ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon
Where is spit secreted
Oral cavity
What is the primary enzyme in saliva
Salivary amylase
What controls the secretion of saliva
Automatic nervous system
Where is the pancreas located in the abdominal cavity
Right below the stomach
What does the pancreas do
Produces a wide spectrum of digestive enzymes that break down all categories of food
What duct connects the liver to the gallbladder
Common hepatic duct
Monomers for carbohydrates
Simple sugars
Monomers for proteins
Amino acids
Monomers for lipids
Fatty acids and alcohols
Pepsin
An active protein digesting enzyme
Renin
Works on digesting milk protein
