digestion + nutrition

Question 1

Feeding/ingestion

Answer 1

selection, acquisition, and ingestion of food

Question 2

Digestion

Answer 2

breaking down food mechanically, chemically

Question 3

Absorption

Answer 3

nutrients pass from digestive tract into blood

Question 4

 Egestion (elimination)

Answer 4

undigested, unabsorbed food discharged

Question 5

gastrovascular cavity

Answer 5

only one opening

 serves as both mouth and anus

Question 6

Mouth functions in digestive sys

Answer 6

Mechanical, enzymatic digestion of carbohydrates

Question 7

types of  Mammalian teeth

Answer 7

incisors for biting canines for tearing food

premolars, molars for crushing and grinding

Question 8

enzyme salivary _____

digests starch)

Answer 8

amylase

Question 9

Peristalsis

Answer 9

waves of muscular contraction

 pushes bolus of food along digestive tract

Question 10

sphincter

Answer 10

ring of muscle which

opens and closes around an opening

Question 11

Rugae

Answer 11

folds in stomach wall

 expand as stomach fills with food

Question 12

Gastric glands secrete

Answer 12

hydrochloric acid

 pepsinogen (precursor of pepsin)

Question 13

Chyme is

Answer 13

soup of partly digested food

Question 14

Duodenum is the location

Answer 14

of most enzymatic digestion

Question 15

 Liver produces ___ which

Answer 15

bile,emulsifies fats

Question 16

Trypsin and chymotrypsin digest

Answer 16

polypeptides to dipeptides

Question 17

Pancreatic lipase
_______ __
 Pancreatic amylase
 digests ______ ___

Answer 17

degrades fats, complex carbohydrates

Question 18

Large intestine contains

Answer 18

cecum, colon, rectum, anus

Question 19

Large intestine main function and it incubates

Answer 19

eliminates undigested wastes incubates bacteria (produce vitamin K, certain B vitamins)

Question 20

_______ are digested to disaccharide maltose by salivary and pancreatic

Answer 20

Polysaccharides, amylases

Question 21

in small intestine
maltose splits into _____ (main product of
carbohydrate digestion)

Answer 21

glucose

Question 22

Proteins are split

by —– in stomach and by proteolytic enzymes in _____ juice

Answer 22

pepsin, pancreatic

Question 23

Dipeptidases

 split

Answer 23

small peptides into amino acids

Question 24

 Lipids are emulsified by

____ ____then hydrolyzed by pancreatic ____

Answer 24

bile salts, lipase

Question 25

Surface Area of the Small Intestine is Greatly expanded by

Answer 25

folds in wall (rugae) intestinal villi (projections of mucosa)  microvilli (plasma membrane projections of epithelial cells of villi

Question 26

Amino groups are converted to ____

Answer 26

urea

Question 27

Vitamins are

Answer 27

Organic compounds required in small | amounts for biochemical processes components of coenzymes

Question 28

 Fat-soluble vitamins

Answer 28

A, D, E, K

Question 29

Water-soluble vitamins

Answer 29

 B and C vitamins

Question 30

Minerals are

Answer 30

 Inorganic nutrients ingested as salts |  dissolved in food and water