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Health And Human Development > Digestion/Nutrients > Flashcards

Digestion/Nutrients Flashcards

1
Q

Protein

A

Build, maintains and repairs body cells. Eg. Meat, eggs

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2
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Provide fuel for energy. Eg. Pasta, bread, rice

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3
Q

Fibre

A

Acts to reduce the amount of glucose absorbed by the digestive system (type of carb) Eg. Grains and seeds

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4
Q

Good fats

A

Monounsaturated (10%) and polyunsaturated (5%)

Reduce levels of cholesterol. Eg. Avocado

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5
Q

Bad fats

A

Saturated (9%) and trans (1%)

Increase cholesterol levels in blood. Eg. Cakes

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6
Q

Water

A

No nutritional values

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7
Q

Calcium

A

Builds bones and hard tissue

Eg. Milk, cheese, yoghurt

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8
Q

Phosphorus

A

Works with calcium as a hardening agent for bones

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9
Q

Sodium

A

Excess sodium causes calcium to be excreted in the urine. Eg. Salt

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10
Q

Iron

A

Essential part of blood. Eg. Meat chicken

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11
Q

Vitamin A

A

Required for cell division.

Eg carrots

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12
Q

Vitamin D

A

Absorption of calcium from the intestines to the blood stream. Eg. Fish

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13
Q

B group vitamins

A

Essential in converting fuel into energy. Eg. Vegemite

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14
Q

Folate

A

Essential for growth an development

Eg. Citrus fruit

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15
Q

Metabolism

A

BMR

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16
Q

Excretion

A

Removal of waste from the body

17
Q

Absorption

A

Transfer of nutrients from the digestive tract into the blood stream

18
Q

Bolas

A

Chewed up food and saliva

19
Q

Sphincters

A

Round bits of muscle that can be involuntary or voluntary

20
Q

Simple carbs

A

Sugar

21
Q

Complex carbs

A

Starches

22
Q

6 categories of nutrients

A

Carbs protein fats water vitamins minerals

23
Q

One gram of carbohydrates produces

A

16 kg of energy

24
Q

Protein can Enhance the physical development of youth because,

A

It’s builds soft tissues like organs and muscle

25
Q

BMR

A

The amount of energy needed to sustain life (organs functions, glands excreting, nerves responding.)

26
Q

How much energy expenditure is BMR?

A

70% the other 30% is activity

27
Q

Factors that influence BMR

A

Age, growth, weather, body type, body size, gender, dieting

28
Q

Age

A

BMR decreases as an individual gets older

29
Q

Growth

A

People who are growing (youth) need for energy

30
Q

Body size

A

Larger people have a higher BMR because they have a bigger surface area

31
Q

Body type

A

Muscle requires a high BMR compared to fat

32
Q

Gender

A

Males tend to have a higher BMR

33
Q

Weather

A

Body has to work harder to maintain body temperatures

34
Q

Percentage of diet

A

Carbs: 55%
Protein: 20%
Fats: 25 %

Health And Human Development (8 decks)

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