Determinants Of Health Flashcards
Biological determinants definition
Concerned with the body’s cells, tissues, organs and systems and how they function
Behavioural determinants definition
The actions or patterns of living of an individual or group that affect health
Physical Environment definition
The physical surrounding in which we live, work and play.
Social environment definition
Aspects of society and the social environment that impact on health.
Biological determinants
Genetics
Hormones
Body weight
Behavioural determinants
Sun protection, food intake, physical activity, illicit substance use, tobacco smoking, alcohol abuse, sexual practices, skills I g developing friendships and seeking advice from health pros
Physical environment
Tobacco smoking in the home, housing environment, work environment, access to recreational facilities
Social environment
Family cohesion, socioeconomic status, media, community, civic participation, access to education
Development
PIES
Health
PMS
Internal development
Behavioural and biological
External determinants
Physical and social environment
Genetics
Determine sex which influences the body structures that makes and females have
Hormonal changes
Hormones are the chemical messengers that contribute to many of the changes that occur during youth
Body weight
Maintaining a healthy body weight is beneficial for health. Body weight that does not fall within the healthy range can have a number of effects on youth health.
Determinants of health
Factors that raise or lower the level of health in a population or individual.
Sun protection
Skin cancer is the most common cancer in Australia because of the harsh climate.
Risk factors of sun protection
Sunburn and the amount of uv radiation that a person is exposed to during childhood.
Skin cancer: youths
Youths are at risk of skin cancer because they’re less likely to engage in sun protection behaviours such as wearing sunscreen
Macronutrients
Protein(20%) Carbohydrates(55%) Fats(25%) Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated Trans and saturated Water
Vitamins and mineral
Calcium, phosphorus, vitamin d, iron, sodium, vitamin a, vitamin b groups and folate
Food selection models
Tools that help to select foods that will meet the nutritional needs
Pie chart
Australian guidelines to healthy eating
Pyramid
Healthy eating pyramid
HEP is produced by:
Purpose:
Nutrition Australia
To educate people on the foods the should be eating to maintain a balanced diet
AGTHE produced by:
Purpose:
The Australian government
Shows how much of each of the 5 food groups should be consumed
Physical activity
Benefits to physical and mental health
Physical: stay at a healthy weight and assist bone strength.
Mental: relieve stress and anxiety and to feel good about yourself
Sedentary
Undertaking no or very little levels of physical activity
Why do youths experiment with drugs?
Trying to find their identity
Factors that put young people at risk more than others
Maturity, money, risk factors and being rebellious
Short term affects to regular drug use
Hospitalisation, accidents and conflict.
Long term affects to regular drug use
Not getting a job, mental illnesses and organ damage
Tobacco smoking
Why is it less popular?
Less popular these days due to the increase in cost and the laws that prohibit smoking in public places
Tobacco smoking
Effects in physical health
Cardiovascular disease, cancer and emphysema. Fitness levels also decrease
Alcohol abuse
Short term affects
Violence, vomiting, nausea, unsafe sex and unconsciousness
Alcohol abuse long term affects
Weight gain, cancer and mental illness
Skills in developing and maintaining friendships
Why are meaningful relationships important?
Friends encourage, support, listen to one another. They make a person feel valued for who they are
Resilience
An individual’s ability to face and cope with stressful situations and recover from them
Sexual practices
Importance
If young people aren’t careful they can end up being pregnant or with and STI.
STI
Can destroy the immune system, infections, fevers and infertility
Pregnancy
Girl needs to dedicate her life to her child
Seeking advice from health pros
Can advise young people about nutrition, immunisation, stress and anxiety management to optimise health
Tobaccos smoking in the home
Non smokers are exposed to 4000 chemicals.
Short term affects of environmental tobacco smoke
Preventing lungs to function at their optimal, suffer from asthma, getting sick and breathing problems
Long term affects of environ,entail tobacco smoking
Taking up smoking when they get older which can lead to cancer and other diseases
Housing environment
Physical aspects of HE that can affect health and development
Indoor pollutants, kitchen facilities, drinking water quality, number of bedrooms and safety of the housing
Work environment
Impact of having a job
Social: interact with customers and work mates
Physical: certain jobs require moving around or lifting things
Mental: can be stressful if they work too much
Access to recreational facilities
Benefits to having access to ^^
Physical: provides you to be physically active
Social: meet new people and build friendships
Mental: helps you stress less and feel more relaxed
Family cohesion
The closeness or bonds between family member
Socio economic status components
Education, occupation and income
Why is important to look at the SES of parents when estimating the effect on youth
Kids live under their parents houses which mean they provide for them financially
Media
Ways media can affect health
Children are more focused on the Internet/to then participating in sport and doing their homework. Some are so obsessed that they don’t eat. Too much time being sedentary
Community civic participation
Being involved in community groups gives young people a social network and can give them a sense of achievement
Access to education
Factors preventing
Having access to multimedia resources, geographical barriers, social and cultural factors and SES reasons
How could families poor ability to get along impact h&d
Makes an individual sad knowing they don’t have a strong relationship, feel alone, may rebel again family or develop a mental illness
How can having no parents in paid jobs effect hhd of youth
It’ll be harder to get an education, participate in sport, by healthy food and get to social events
