Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A BIOL1035 Part 2 > Digestion > Flashcards

Digestion Flashcards

1
Q

What is another name for the digestive system?

A

The Gastrointestinal Tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the name of the food and enzyme mixture?

A

Chyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How long is the gastrointestinal tract?

A

About 8 m long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the length of the mouth oesophagus and stomach?

A

150 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

All of these are in the small intestine.
How long are they?

Duodenum
Jejunum
Illeum

A

Duodenum- 25 cm
Jejunum- 260 cm
Ileum - 260 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name the 3 parts of the small intestine

A

Duodenum
Jejunum
Illeum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name 7 parts of the large intestine

A 
Caecum
Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
                             Anus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the roles of the oral cavity and oesophagus?

A

Digestion of carbs
No absorption
Chewing and swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the roles of the stomach?

A

Digestion of proteins and fats
Absorption of lipid soluble substances
Peristaltic mixing and propulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the roles of the small intestine?

A

Digestion of polypetides,carbs,fats,nucleic acids
Wide range of adsoption
Mixing and propulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the roles of the large intestine?

A

No digestion

Absorption of ions, minerals, vitamins, water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are sphincters?

A

These guard different sections and control movement through the digestive tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 5 main parts of the stomach?

A 
Fundus 
Body 
Antrum
Rougae
Pylorus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the role of the rugae in the stomach?

A

Surface foldings increase surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Is the small intestine heavily muscular?

A

YES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the 4 layers of the gastrointestinal tract?

A

Mucose
Submucosa
Smooth Muscle
Serosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the role of the mucosa?

A

Includes transporting epithelial cells, connective tissue and nerve fibres and blood vessels

18
Q

What does the submuscosa contain?

A

Submuscosal plexis

19
Q

Name the outer layer of the GI

A

Serosa

20
Q

Name the 3 glands that make up the salivary glands

A

Parotid glands
Submandibular glands
Sublingual gland

21
Q

What is the Sphincter of Oddi?

A

smooth muscle that surrounds the end portion of the common bile duct and pancreatic duct.

22
Q

What are the role of the pancreas?

A

Releases enzymes and secretes hormones

23
Q

Which cells in the pancreases secret digestive enzymes?

A

Acinar cells

24
Q

What do duct cells in the pancreas secrete?

A

NaHCO3

25
Q

What do the islet cells of the pancreases secrete?

A

Hormones

26
Q

Which cells form the exocrine portion of the pancreas?

A

Pancreatic acini

27
Q

Name 4 parts of the liver

A

Hepatic Artery
Hepatic portal Vein
Common bile duct
Gall bladder

28
Q

What is the role of the hepatic Artery?

A

Brings oxygenated blood from the tissues to the liver

29
Q

What is the role of the hepatic portal vein

A

Carries blood from the GI and Hb from the spleen

30
Q

What is the role of the common bile duct?

A

Carries bile from the gall bladder to the intestine

31
Q

What is the role of the gall bladder?

A

Stores and concentrates bile

32
Q

Describe the structure of the veins

A

Hepatocytes arranged in lobules around a central vein

Triads of portal vein, bile duct and hepatic artery

33
Q

Describe how bile is made

A

Hepatocytes produce bile which is transported to the bile canaliculi and to the bile duct

H2O and bicarbonate are added by duct epithelial cells

34
Q

What happens to the bile once it has been made?

A

Secreted into the duodenum

Passed to gall bladder, concentrated up to 15 times and stored at a max volume of 60 mls

35
Q

Name the 2 types of contraction

A

Phasic contraction

Tonic contractions

36
Q

Describe phasic contractions

A

intestinal cells of Cajal generate slow wave potentials to produce cyclic relaxation contraction

37
Q

Describe tonic contractions

A

Long term contractions

38
Q

What is the role of hte migrating motor complex?

A

Contractions passing slowly from segment to segment

39
Q

How long is a peristalsis wave?

A

2-25cm

40
Q

What are the parts of the enteric nervous system and their roles?

A

Submucosal plexus- contains sensory neurons that receive signals from the lumen and control secretion

Myenteric plexus- controls motility

41
Q

What are 3 types of reflexes?

A

Short
long
cephalic

A BIOL1035 Part 2 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions