Diffusion

Question 1

Diffusion

Answer 1

the movement of solutes from an area of higher solute concentration to an area of lower solute concentration. (ex. the dissolving of a salt cube dispersing the salt throughout the beaker)

Question 2

concentration gradient

Answer 2

the concentration difference that occurs when the solutes are not evenly distributed in a solvent. The greater this is, the greater the rate of diffusion

Question 3

The factors that influence the rate of diffusion

Answer 3

1) the concentration gradient
2) the temperature of the solution
3) the size of the diffusing molecules
4) the viscosity of the solvent

Question 4

osmosis

Answer 4

the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Question 5

osmotic pressure

Answer 5

the force required to prevent water from moving by osmosis across a selectively permeable membrane.

Question 6

isosmotic

Answer 6

solutions with the SAME concentration of solute particles and have the SAME osmotic pressure

Question 7

hyperosmotic

Answer 7

If a solution has a greater concentration of solute particles and a greater osmotic pressure

Question 8

hyposmotic

Answer 8

A more dilute solution with lower osmotic pressure

Question 9

isotonic

Answer 9

If a cell neither shrinks nor swells

Question 10

hypertonic

Answer 10

when a cell shrinks (crenation)

Question 11

hypotonic

Answer 11

when a cell swells (lysis)

Question 12

facilitated diffusion

Answer 12

the mediated transport process that moves substances into or out of cells from a higher to a lower concentration. It does not require metabolic energy.

Question 13

active transport

Answer 13

mediated transport that requires energy provided by ATP.

Question 14

secondary active transport

Answer 14

the active transport of moving an ion outside of a cell, and the increase in concentration gradient causes the ion to move back into the cell, which produces energy to move a different ion or molecule into the cell.