Chemistry in Anatomy Flashcards
What elements make up 96% of the body’s weight?
oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen
Ionic Bond
This type of bond forms when electrons are transferred between atoms, creating oppositely charged ions.
Covalent Bond
This type of bond forms when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons.
Nonpolar covalent bond
This type of bond forms when the electrons are shared equally between the nuclei because the electrons have the same attraction to each nucleus.
Polar covalent bond
This type of bond forms when two atoms in have different electronegativities.
Solubility
the ability of one substance to dissolve in another
hydrogen bond
This type of bond forms when a positively charged hydrogen is attracted to the negatively charged ion.
Electrolytes
cations and anions that dissociate in water.
Anabolism
The collective term for synthesis reactions in the body.
Catabolism
The collective term for decomposition reactions in the body.
Metabolism
The term for all anabolic and catabolic reactions
Hydrolysis
Reactions that use water
Dehydration
Reactions where water is a product
Colloid
A mixture in which a dispersed substance or particle is unevenly distributed throughout the mixture.
Solute
The substance being dissolved
Solvent
The substance doing the dissolving
Osmality
The unit of measurement of a solution that reflects the number, not the type, of particles in it.
Acid
A proton donor
Base
A proton acceptor
Acidic solutions
These solutions have a greater concentration of hydrogen ions
Basic solutions
These solutions have a greater concentration of hydroxide ions.
What is the normal pH range for human blood
7.35-7.45
Acidosis pH
<7.35
Alkalosis pH
> 7.45
Buffers
Chemicals that resist changes in pH
