Differences between similar words Flashcards
1
Q
- 心理 Xīnlǐ
2. 心里 Xīnlǐ
A
- psychological; psychology
2. to feel (in one’s heart or mind)
2
Q
- 刺激 Cìjī
2. 兴奋 Xīngfèn
A
- to stimulate, to provoke; stimulation, excitement
2. excited; exciting
3
Q
- 权利 Quánlì
2. 权力 Quánlì
A
- right, privilege
2. power
4
Q
- 真诚 Zhēnchéng
2. 真实 Zhēnshí
A
- sincere, genuine, true
2. real, actual
5
Q
- 信任 Xìnrèn
2. 相信 Xiāngxìn
A
- trust, have confidence in
2. believe in, be convinced of
6
Q
- 尊重 Zūnzhòng
2. 尊敬 Zūnjìng
A
- respect, value, hold in high esteem
2. (to people who are one’s seniors or betters) respect, show respect for
7
Q
- 庞大 Pángdà
2. 巨大 Jùdà
A
- massive (emphasizing numbers), immense, tremendous, enormous
- huge (emphasizing size or degree), gigantic
8
Q
- 经历 Jīnglì
2. 经验 Jīngyàn
A
- primarily a verb; undergo, have the experience of
- primarily a noun; experience.
both can be used as a noun or verb, but this is how they are mainly used.
9
Q
- 唯一 Wéiyī
2. 仅仅 Jǐnjǐn
A
- the sole, the only; an attributive, followed by an optional 的 and a noun phrase.
- only, merely, no more than; an adverb, followed by a verb.
10
Q
- 反映 Fǎnyìng
2. 反应 Fǎnyìng
A
- reflect, mirror
2. react, respond; reaction, response
11
Q
- 满足 Mǎnzú
2. 满意 Mǎnyì
A
- satisfy [some need], meet [a demand]
2. be satisfied [with the situation], be happy [about the situation]
12
Q
- 品质 Pǐnzhí
2. 质量 Zhìliàng
A
- quality [of character], character, [moral] worth
2. quality [of goods]
13
Q
- 平凡 Píngfán
2. 普通 Pǔtōng
A
- ordinary (in the sense of average), commonplace, mundane
2. in ordinary use, general, found everywhere, not special
14
Q
- 永久 Yǒngjiǔ
2. 永远 Yǒngyuǎn
A
- usually an attribute, i.e. modifying a following noun; permanent, perpetual, everlasting
- always, forever (adv.)
15
Q
- 信誉 Xìnyù
- 声誉 Shēngyù
- 信用 Xìnyòng
A
- reputation, name (in the sense of reputation), reliability
- reputation, fame. also common as an attribute: honorary
- trustworthiness, one’s word. often used as an attribute: credit (card, etc.)
16
Q
- 缺乏 Quēfá
2. 缺少 Quēshǎo
A
- be short of, lack, for there to be a shortage of, insufficient. often used with abstract nouns such as 经验、信心; also used with collectives such as 人员 (people)、雨水(rainfall)
- overlaps with the first but this one tends to refer to more concrete objects such as 钱、人, and can be followed by number phrases
17
Q
- 显著 Xiǎnzhù
2. 明显 Míngxiǎn
A
- notable, remarkable, outstanding, prominent
2. clear, obvious, evident
18
Q
- 改善 Gǎishàn
2. 改进 Gǎijìn
A
- improve (something), make (something) even better
2. improvements; improve and make further progress on something
19
Q
- 辛苦 Xīnkǔ
2. 辛劳 Xīnláo
A
- to work hard, to endure hardships or suffering; laborious, tough
- to toil; hard work, toil
20
Q
- 清晰 Qīngxī
2. 清楚 Qīngchǔ
A
- distinct, clear (of sounds, views, etc.)
2. clear, easy to understand
21
Q
- 严厉 Yánlì
- 严格 Yángé
- 严肃 Yánsù
- 严重 Yánzhòng
A
- stern, sever, harsh (punishment, personality type)
- strict, rigid (rules, systems, training, standards)
- solemn, earnest, serious (atmosphere, attitude)
- serious, grave, critical (illness, a deteriorating situation)
22
Q
- 家庭 Jiātíng
- 家 Jiā
- 家人 Jiārén
A
- family, household (often opposed to ‘individuals’, ‘society’, or ‘the nation’
- home, family
- family members
22
Q
- 依附 Yīfù
- 依赖 Yīlài
- 依靠 Yīkào
A
- depend on, attach oneself to, be swayed by
- be dependent on (somebody or something)
- rely on, depend on, fall back on, live off; support, backing, means
23
Q
- 缘故 Yuángù
2. 原因 Yuányīn
A
- cause, reason (由于 X 的缘故, 因为 X 的缘故)
2. reason, cause
24
1. 传统 Chuántǒng
| 2. 保守 Bǎoshǒu
1. tradition, convention; traditional, conventional
| 2. conservative
25
1. 合适 Héshì
| 2. 适合 Shìhé
1. suit, suited for, fit, to be fit, geared to, suitable (more of an adj)
2. be suitable, appropriate, proper, fitting (more of a verb)
26
1. 形成 Xíngchéng
| 2. 变成 Biàn chéng
1. form (a habit), develop, become, take shape (more gradual change)
2. change into, turn into (all of a sudden)
26
1. 特色 Tèsè
| 2. 特点 Tèdiǎn
1. distinguishing feature, special quality, uniqueness (mostly describes places)
2. characteristics, features, notable things (often followed by a list) (mostly describes people)
27
1. 传播 Chuánbò
| 2. 宣传 Xuānchuán
1. to spread, be disseminated to, relay to
| 2. give publicity to, publicize, to disseminate; propaganda
28
1. 衰落 Shuāiluò
| 2. 衰弱 Shuāiruò
1. decline (economies), wane (empires), go into decline or go downhill (companies or institutions), decay (cities), be at a low ebb
2. be weak, feeble, poor in health; to diminish in strength
29
1. 浅显 Qiǎnxiǎn
| 2. 肤浅 Fūqiǎn
1. easy to understand, simple and clear (usually complimentary)
2. superficial, shallow [derogatory]
29
1. 彻底 Chèdǐ
| 2. 透彻 Tòuchè
1. (penetrate to the bottom): through and through, thoroughly, completely, totally (more about doing something thoroughly)
2. in-depth, penetrating, thorough (of work, analysis, understanding, resolution, etc.) (more about someone has done something thoroughly already)
30
1. 孕育 Yùnyù
| 2. 怀孕 Huáiyùn
1. give birth to (something metaphorical, rarely a real child), serve as the cradle of, give rise to, to produce
2. to be pregnant (VO)
31
1. 批评 Pīpíng
| 2. 批判 Pīpàn
1. be critical of, to criticize; criticism; more of a critique of individuals (to critically judge a person)
2. to criticize (erroneous thinking, etc.), to repudiate; critique; a systemic critique of something (of ideas or a way of thinking)
32
1. 遭到 Zāo dào
2. 受到 Shòudào
3. 得到 Dédào
1. to encounter (something bad), run into, to suffer
2. to receive (warm welcom, favorable attention), to suffer (cruel punishment, culture shock), to get or be affected by (influence, criticism)
3. to obtain, to get
33
1. 举行 Jǔxíng
| 2. 举办 Jǔbàn
1. to hold (an event)
| 2. to sponsor (an event), to host, to hold or put on
34
1. 延续 Yánxù
| 2. 持续 Chíxù
1. continue, go on, last (of an era, an event), survive, persist. Also an attr.: extended
2. persist, linger, endure, last, continue, be continual (V); duration
35
1. 特殊 Tèshū
| 2. 特别 Tèbié
1. special, particular, peculiar, exceptional (more neutral)
| 2. be special, particular, specially, particularly (adv and sv) (more positive)
36
1. 停滞 Tíngzhì
| 2. 停止 Tíngzhǐ
1. (for something to) stagnate, bog down, stop
| 2. stop, cease, discontinue (some activity); (for some activity to) come to a stop, be discontinued
37
1. 尝试 Chángshì
| 2. 品尝 Pǐncháng
1. try, try to or attempt to (do something)
| 2. taste, savor
38
1. 近似 Jìnsì
2. 类似 Lèisì
3. 相似 Xiāngsì
1. (close-alike): quite like, similar to; approximate
2. (category-similar): similar, be like, be analogous to, be comparable to
3. (mutual-similar): be mutually alike, similar; to resemble
39
1. 选举 Xuǎnjǔ
| 2. 竞选 Jìngxuǎn
1. elect (by vote)
| 2. run for (office), campaign; a campaign
40
1. 强烈 Qiángliè
| 2. 激烈 Jīliè
1. intense (emotions), strong (light or physical stimuli), fervent, vehement; strongly (sv.)
2. intense (competition, fighting, debate), bitter (quarrel), violent, passionately
41
1. 基于 Jīyú
| 2. 根据 Gēnjù
1. (base-on): in view of, for the sake of, because of, out of, given (prep) (more subjective)
2. according to, be based on (prep.); basis, grounds, foundation (more objective)
42
1. 威吓 Wēihè
| 2. 威胁 Wēixié
1. carry out actions that threaten, intimidate (more about scaring someone)
2. threaten (=likely to damage), menace, imperil (just about threatening)
43
1. 和平 Hépíng
2. 安宁 Ānníng
3. 安定 Āndìng
4. 稳定 Wěndìng
1. peace (N)
2. peaceful (free from worry), tranquil, calm
3. quiet and in order (life, job), secure, settled
4. stable; stabilize
44
1. 均衡 Jūnhéng
| 2. 平衡 Pínghéng
1. balance (several factors); be balanced, proportionate, harmonious (balance of many things)
2. to maintain a balance or equilibrium; equilibrium, balance (balance of two things)
45
1. 容许 Róngxǔ
| 2. 允许 Yǔnxǔ
1. to tolerate, to brook, to permit (involves emotions)
| 2. to allow, to permit (involves less emotions)
