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PE > Diet > Flashcards

Diet Flashcards

1
Q

What is a nutrient?

A

A chemical substance that provides the body with the necessary components to function efficiently

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2
Q

What are the 7 nutrients?

A 
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Fats
Minerals
Vitamins
Fibre
Water
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3
Q

What do proteins do / why are they needed?

A

Help build cells
Make blood
Restore and repair muscle and tissues

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4
Q

How are proteins used in the body?

A

Can also be used for energy, but usually only when in low stock of carbohydrates and fats

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5
Q

Give food sources of protein.

A

Meat, green veg, eggs, nuts

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6
Q

Why are fats needed in the body / what do they do?

A

Used for energy stores.

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7
Q

Give food sources of fat.

A

Butter, margarine, oils, dairy, sugar.

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8
Q

What does fibre do / why is it needed?

A

Improves digestive system and aids movement of food through gut.

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9
Q

How is fibre used in the body?

A

Prevents constipation and bowel cancer by making mass that gut can push along easier.
Makes you feel more full so you eat less.

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10
Q

Give food sources of fibre.

A

Fruit, veg, brown bread, bran.

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11
Q

Why is water needed / what does it do?

A

Main component of cells and blood, body is 65% water, essential.

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12
Q

What do carbohydrates do / why are they needed?

A

Give energy by providing sugar needed for muscle contraction.

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13
Q

How are carbohydrates used in the body?

A

Muscles obtain energy from breakdown of sugar and fat. Sugar more efficient as needs less oxygen to work. Very important in anaerobic respiration.

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14
Q

Give food sources of carbohydrates.

A

Fruit, milk, bread, pasta.

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15
Q

What is vitamin A found in and useful for?

A

Found in: fish, liver, veg, egg.

Used for: to see in dim light and healthy skin.

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16
Q

What is vitamin C used for and found in?

A

Found in: oranges, citrus fruits, veg.

Used for: healthy skin and gums, healing of wounds, prevents scurvy.

17
Q

What is vitamin D found in and useful for?

A

Found in: milk, fish and made by skin in sunshine.

Used for: strong bones and teeth, prevents rickets.

18
Q

What is the mineral iodine found in and used for?

A

Found in: sea food and veg.

Used for: thyroid hormones.

19
Q

What is the mineral iron found in and used for?

A

Found in: liver, lentils, green veg.

Used for: haemoglobin in red blood cells, prevents tiredness.

20
Q

What is the mineral calcium found in and used for?

A

Found in: milk, cheese, green veg.

Used for: strong bones and teeth, muscle contractions.

21
Q

Why are minerals important?

A

Needed in large amounts
For formation of body structure
And normal bodily functions

22
Q

Why are vitamins important?

A

Needed in small amounts

To promote normal health of the body.

23
Q

What is carbohydrate loading?

A
  • mostly used by marathon runners and for distance events
  • begin by depleting carb stores and increasing training FITT
  • diet high in protein, v low in carbs
  • couple days before event, change diet to high carbs and fill energy stores for end of week whilst dramatically reducing training
  • designed to trick body into grabbing onto excessive carbs as it has been low on this for last few days
  • enables more energy for longer distances
24
Q

Define diet.

A

The daily intake of food containing the right amount and types of nutrients.

25
Q

What is a high protein diet?

A
  • large amounts of protein
  • used for sportsmen and women requiring quick weight loss for an event
  • body builders use to to burn fat and use training to build muscle before an event.
26
Q

What is your BMR?

A
  • Basal Metabollic Rate

- amount of energy you need to stay alive and comfortable

27
Q

What is your working energy?

A

Amount of energy you need on top of BMR to move, digest, and do exercise.

28
Q

What is your total energy needed?

A

BMR + working energy

29
Q

What does a small food intake and a high energy output lead to?

A

Anorexia.

30
Q

What does a high food intake and a low energy output lead to?

A

Obesity.

31
Q

What is a whole school food policy?

A

Enables school to develop healthy eating and drinking activities, and to maintain a shared philosophy on food and drink.

32
Q

How many nutrients are there that are needed to remain for and healthy?

A

7

PE (15 decks)

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