Diet Flashcards
What happens if energy intake is lower than energy expenditure ?
- weight loss
What are ERGOGENIC AIDS ?
a substance / object / method used to improve performance
What are PHARMACOLOGICAL AIDS ?
- group of ergogenic aids
- increase levels of hormones / neural transmitters
- anabolic steroids / erythropoitin / human growth hormone
What are ANABOLIC STEROIDS ?
- illegal synthetic hormones
- resemble testosterone
- promote protein synthesis for muscle growth
What is ERYTHROPOIETIN (EPO) ?
- naturally produced hormone
- production of red blood cells
What are the performance benefits of EPO ?
- increase oxygen transport
- increase aerobic capacity
- increase intensity and duration
What are the risks of EPO ?
- increased blood viscosity (HYPER-VISCOSITY)
- decreased cardiac output
- risk of blood clots
What are the performance benefits of anabolic steroids ?
- increased muscle mass
- increased speed of recovery
- increased intensity and duration
What are the risks of anabolic steroids ?
- aggression
- mood swings
- liver damage
What is the Human Growth Hormone (HGH) ?
- synthetic product
- replicates naturally produced growth hormone
- difficult to detect
What are the performance benefits of the HGH ?
- increased fat metabolism
- increased blood glucose levels
- increased speed of recovery
What are the risks of HGH ?
- abnormal bone and muscle development
- enlargement of vital organs
- increased risk of cancer
What are PHYSIOLOGICAL AIDS ?
a group of ERGOGENIC AIDS used to increase the RATE OF ADAPTION by the body to increase performance
What is BLOOD DOPING ?
illegal method of increasing red blood cell count by infusing blood prior to competition
What are the performance benefits of blood doping ?
- increased RBC
- increased O2 transport
What are the risk of blood doping ?
- increased blood viscosity
- decreased cardiac output
- heart failure
- transfusion reaction
What is INTERMITTENT HYPOXIC TRAINING ?
- interval training with work intervals performed under hypoxic conditions
- mask supplying low ppO2
- 4-8 weeks of 1-3 mins duration
What are the performance benefits of IHT ?
- increased buffering
- delays OBLA
- increased RBC and haemoglobin
What are the risks of IHT ?
- benefits quickly lost
- lose motivation
- decrease immune functions
What is BUFFERING CAPACITY ?
the ability to RESIST CHANGE IN pH
What is OBLA ?
Onset of Blood Lactate Accumulation
- the point where there is a dramatic rise in blood lactate levels causing the onset of fatigue
What are COOLING AIDS ?
a range of products used to reduce core temperature, treat injury and speed up recovery
- reduce THERMAL STRAIN and CARDIOVASCULAR DRIFT
What cooling aids would be used pre-event ?
- ice vests
- cold towel wraps
- reduce over heating / sweating / dehydration
What cooling aids would be used for injury treatment ?
- ice packs
- sprays
- nerve endings are numbed to reduce pain
