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Neuroscience > Diencephalon > Flashcards

Diencephalon Flashcards

1
Q

parts of diencephalon

A

thalamus
hypothalamus
epithalamus
subthalamus

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2
Q

epithalamus

A

pineal gland

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3
Q

subthalamus fxn

A

play a role in indirect basal gang path

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4
Q

parts of thalamus (to know)

A 
VA
VL
VPL
VPM
ant nuc
mediodorsal nuc
lat geniculate body
med geniculate body
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5
Q

hypothalamus fxns

A

homeostasis
endocrine
autonomic
limbic

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6
Q

hypothalamus regulates

A 
temp control
sleep
H2O balance
hormone secretion
BP
feeding
ANS
emotional processes (in memory)
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7
Q

hypo nuclei –> PP

A

paraventricular nuc

supraoptic nuc

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8
Q

nuclei of hypo affecting AP

A

arcuate nucleus

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9
Q

anterior hypo parts

A

paraventricular
ant and preoptic areas
supraoptic nucleus
suprachiasmatic nuc

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10
Q

paraventricular nuc fxn

A

secrete oxytocin, ADH

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11
Q

ant and preoptic area fxn

A

heat/cold response

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12
Q

supraoptic nuc fxn

A

secrete oxytocin, ADH

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13
Q

suprachiasmatic nuc

A

circadian rhythms

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14
Q

preoptic nuc fxn

A

regulate release of GnHs

induce non REM sleep

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15
Q

preoptic nuc male vs female

A

big in males (make gametes constantly)

vary in size during female cycle

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16
Q

preoptic nuc lesion

A

after pubery - amenorrhea or impotence

17
Q

suprachiasmatic nuc to and from

A

input from optic tract
go to LGB and pretectal nuc
regulate pineal gland

18
Q

paraventricular/supraoptic nuc neuron type

A

magnocellular

19
Q

periventricular/arcuate nuc neuron types

A

parvocellular

20
Q

hypophyseal veins drain to…

A

cavernous sinus

21
Q

tuberal region parts

A

lateral hypothalamic zone
ventromedial nuc
arcuate nuc

22
Q

lat hypothalamic zone fxn

A

feeding center

23
Q

lat hypothalamic zonr lesion

A

aphagia

24
Q

ventromedial nuc fxn

A

satiety nuc

regulate food intake

25
Q

ventromedial nuc lesion

A

obesity

26
Q

arcuate nuc fxn

A

make releasing hormones and inhibitory factors
most releasing
dopamine is inhibitor

27
Q

suproptic nuc lesion

A

diabetes insipidus

polydipsia, polyuria

28
Q

mammillary body fxns

A

part of memory/limbic

29
Q

causes of mamm body damage

A

thiamine deficiency (alcoholics)

30
Q

thiamine def –>

A

degeneration of dorsomedial nuc of thalamus and mamm bodies, hippocampus and vermis (Cb)

31
Q

pineal gland cells

A

pinealocytes and glial cells

32
Q

pinealocyte production

A

melatonin
serotonin
cholecystokinin

33
Q

pineal lesions

A

young males –> precocious puberty (pineal may make antigonadotropic factor)

34
Q

parinaud syndrome

A

impairment of conjugate vertical gaze (sup colliculi)

pupilary reflex abnormalities (pretectal area)

35
Q

pineal tumors

A

may cause CSF obstruction –> up intracranial P –> compress pretectal + upper midbrain (sup colliculi)

36
Q

pineal calcification

A

most common site of calcification in CNS

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