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Neuroscience > Brain Stem > Flashcards

Brain Stem Flashcards

1
Q

motor CN exit point

A

midline

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2
Q

mixed CN exit point

A

lateral

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3
Q

rostral pons lesions –> which CN

A

V

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4
Q

caudal pons lesions affect…

A

may only affect VI, VII, VIII

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5
Q

CST lesion in BS Sx

A

(UMN above decussation)

spastic weakness contra and below

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6
Q

ML lesion in BS Sx

A

(2nd neuron)

loss of touch, vibration contra and below

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7
Q

STT lesion in BS Sx

A

(crossed in spinal section)

pain/temp loss contra and below

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8
Q

DHF lesion in BS Sx

A

ipsilateral central horner’s syndrome

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9
Q

sulcus limitans

A

line btwn motor and sensory in spinal cord and brain stem

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10
Q

neural tube to brain stem orientation

A

NT: sensory = dorsal; motor = ventral
BS: sensory = lateral; motor = medial

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11
Q

motor nuclei in midbrain

A

oculomotor
edinger westphal
trochlear

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12
Q

sensory nuc in midbrain

A

mesencephalic nuc of V

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13
Q

motor nuclei in pons

A

abducens
superior salivitory
motor trigeminal
motor facial

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14
Q

sensory nuc in pons

A

principle sensory nuc of V

spinal trigeminal

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15
Q

motor nuc in medulla

A

hypoglossal
inferior salivatory nuc
dorsal motor nuc
nuc ambiguus

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16
Q

sensory nuc in medulla

A

solitary
vestibular
cochlear
spinal trigeminal

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17
Q

most medial motor nucs

A

oculomotor (III)
trochlear (IV)
abducens (VI)
hypoglossal (XII)

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18
Q

most medial motor nuc (fxn - broad)

A

skeletal muscle

cell bodies of LMNs

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19
Q

most medial motor nuc axon location

A

axons exit same section

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20
Q

oculomotor path/exit

A

nuc
ant and medial
exit midbrain
ipsilateral

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21
Q

trochlear path/exit

A 
nuc
go around cerebral aquaduct
cross at troch decussation
exit posterior medial midbrain
contralateral
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22
Q

abducens path/exit

A

nuc
ant medial
exit pons
ipsilateral

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23
Q

hypoglossal path/exit

A

nuc
go ant
exit medulla
ipsilateral

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24
Q

medial longitudinal fasciculus

A

connect oculomotor nuc and abducens nuc for vestibular system

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25
Q

most medial motor nuc (fxn - specific)

A

III (adduct eye, raise eyelid)
IV (depress, abduct, intort eye)
VI (abduct eye)
XII (move tongue)

26
Q

motor nucs in between medial and lateral (2nd vertical row)

A

nuc of edinger westphal (III)
superior salivatory nuc (VII)
inferior salivatory nuc (IX)
dorsal motor nuc of X

27
Q

motor nucs in between medial and lateral (fxn - broad)

A

parasympathetic

preganglionic

28
Q

motor nucs in between medial and lateral (fxn - specific)

A

NucEW III (pupil constriction, near response)
SupSalv VII (lacrimal, salivary, submandibular)
InfSalv (parotid)
DorMot (gut)

29
Q

most lateral motor nucs

A

motor nuc of V
motor nuc of VII
nuc ambiguus (IX, X*)

30
Q

most lateral motor nuc (fxn - broad)

A

pharyngeal arch motor

skeletal LMNs

31
Q

most lateral motor nuc (fxn -specific)

A

motor nuc of V (mastication)
motor nuc of VII (facial expression)
nuc ambiguus (palate, pharynx, larynx)

32
Q

motor nuc of V path/exit

A

nuc
out laterally
exit midbrain
ipsi

33
Q

motor nuc of VII path/exit

A 
nuc
go medial/superior 
loop around abducens nuc
go lateral inferior
combine with sup salv
exit pons (laterally) as facial nerve
ipsi
34
Q

nuc ambiguus path/exit

A

nuc
1/2 combine w/ dorsal motor of X - exit medulla laterally as vagus nerve
1/2 combine w/ inf salv - exit medulla laterally as glossopharyngeal
ipsi

35
Q

most medial sensory nucs

A

solitary nuc

36
Q

most medial sensory nuc (fxn)

A 
taste (VII, IX, X)
carotid sinus (baro) and body (chemo) (IX, X)
37
Q

sensory nuc btwn medial and lateral

A 
vestibular nuc (VIII)
cochlear nuc (VIII)
38
Q

most lateral sensory nucs

A

mesencephalic nuc
main/chief/principle nuc
spinal nuc

39
Q

most lateral sensory nucs (fxn - broad)

A

trigeminal nucs

40
Q

most lateral sensory nucs (fxn - specific)

A

mesencephalic (proprioception)
main (touch)
spinal (pain/temp)

41
Q

midbrain CNs

A

III

IV

42
Q

pons CNs

A

V (rostral)
VI
VII
VIII

43
Q

medulla CNs

A

IX
X
XII

44
Q

brain stem lesion qualities

A

all contra except Horners (DHF)

45
Q

berry aneurysms where?

A

branch @ ant communicating

branch @ posterior communicating

46
Q

midbrain circ

A

posterior cerebral

47
Q

pons circ

A

medial - paramedian

lateral - AICA

48
Q

medulla circ

A

medial - ant spinal

lateral - PICA

49
Q

medial medullary syndrome affected areas

A

pyramid
ML
XII fibers

50
Q

medial medullary syndrome defects

A

pyramid: contra spastic (hyper reflex, toes up)
ML: contra t/v/p
XII: deviate to lesion side (ipsi)

51
Q

medial medullary syndrome vessel

A

anterior spinal artery

52
Q

lateral medullary syndrome vessel

A

PICA

53
Q

lateral medullary syndrome AKA

A

Wallenberg syndrome

54
Q

lateral medullary syndrome affected areas

A 
ICP
spinal tract of V
STT
vestibular nuclei
DHF
nuc ambiguus (IX, X)
55
Q

lateral medullary syndrome defects

A

ICP: ipsi limb ataxia
spinal V: ipsi p/t face
STT: contra p/t body
vestibular nuclei: vomiting, vertigo, nystagmus (away from lesion)
DHF: horner (ipsi)
nuc ambiguus: ipsi vocal paralysis, dysphagia, palate droop, no gag (IX)

56
Q

ventral midbrain syndrome vessel

A

post cerebral artery

57
Q

ventral midbrain syndrome AKA

A

Weber syndrome

58
Q

ventral midbrain syndrome affected areas

A

CST
CBT
III

59
Q

ventral midbrain syndrome defects

A

CST: contra spast (mostly UL)
CBT: contra spastic lower 1/2 face
III: ipsi oculomotor palsy (dilated pupil, ptosis, downa nd out)

60
Q

lateral strabismus

A

eye turned down and out as result of lesioned III

61
Q

spinal cord tract lesions (ipsi vs contra)

A

DC: ipsi t/p/v
CST: ipsi spastic
STT: contra p/t

62
Q

brainstem lesions (ipsi vs contra)

A

long ttracts –> contra (except horners)

CN –> ipsi

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