diarrhoea

Question 1

define diarrhoea

Answer 1

The abnormal passage of 3 or more loose or liquid stools per day (are level 3-7 on Bristol stool Chart)

Question 2

what are the causes of diarrhoea?

Answer 2

1. rotavirus
2. norovirus
3. travellers diarrhoea
4. bacteria
5. antibiotics
6. parasites
7. worms
8. diseases

Question 3

what is the most common cause of diarrhoea in children?

Answer 3

• rotavirus

Question 4

what is the most common cause of diarrhoea in adults?

Answer 4

norovirus

Question 5

describe travellers diarrhoea

Answer 5

• fever, nausea, vomiting, bloody stools, cramps
• during a trip abroad
• self limiting ( 3-5 days)
• no treatment required

Question 6

describe what bacteria cause diarrhoea

Answer 6

increased risk of C . diff infection
any antibiotics that start with C

Question 7

what is the most common parasite that causes diarrhoea?

Answer 7

Giardia lambia-most common

• and Cryptosporidium

Question 8

what diseases cause diarrhoea?

Answer 8

-IBD
-Coeliac
-Hyperthyroidism
-Inflammation or malignancy

Question 9

what are the types of diarrhoea?

Answer 9

1 Watery
↳> Secretory
- Osmotic
- functional (IBS)
2 steatorrhea
3. Inflammatory
—-Dysentery - bloody diarrhoea

Question 10

what are the symptoms of diarrhoea?

Answer 10

• blood in stool - bacterial infection
• vomiting
• abdominal cramps
• viral causes- fever, fatigue, headache, muscle pain

Question 11

how is diarrhoea diagnosed?

Answer 11

1 Bloods
2 Stool Culture
↳ bacteria , parasites
3 PCR
↳> viruses , C. diff

Question 12

what do bloods for diarrhoea show? what does each mean?

Answer 12

• high ESR/CRP = Infection
  -↑ eosinophils = parasite
  -↑ESR/CRP + anaemia = Cancer, Crohn’s, Ulcerative colitis

Question 13

how is diarrhoea treated?

Answer 13

Depends on underlying cause
· Viral - self-limiting
· Oral -> rehydration
↳> fluids, dioralyte
· Meds for symptoms