crohns disease Flashcards
what does crohns disease affect?
chronic inflammation of the entire GI tract from the mouth to anus
- especially the TERMINAL ILEUM and PROXIMAL COLON
how many layers does crohns disease affect?
transmural
- affects all 4 layers
what sort of inflammation does crohns disease have?
Granulomatous inflammation
what sort of appearance does crohns cause? why?
cobblestone appearance
- this is due to ulcers and fissures in mucosa
what are the characteristics of crohns?
C- obblestone
H- high temp
R- educed lumen
I- ntestinal fissure
S- kip lesions
T- ransmural
M- alabsorption
A- bdominal pain
S- ubmucosal fibrosis
what are the risk factors for crohns disease?
- smoking
- female
- NSAIDs
- stress
- NOD 2 mutation
How is NOD 2 mutation a risk factor for Crohns?
- bacteria cause immune mediated response- TNF alpha, IL1, IL6
what are the symptoms for crohns disease?
- RLQ pain
- Malabsorption
- extra intestinal features
what are the malabsorption symptoms of crohns?
- b12/ folate. FE deficiency
- gallstones + kidney stones
- watery diarrhoea
- all of these lead to weight loss and fatigue
what are the extra- intestinal features of crohns?
- erythema nodosum
- episcelritis
- anal fissures
- spondyloarthiritis
- apthous mouth ulcers
what are the four ways crohns is treated?
- for flares
- for remission
- biologics
- surgery- doesn’t cure
how is crohns treated for flares?
- steroids
- prednisolone or IV hydrocortisone
how is crohns treated for remission?
+ 5- ASA
- azathioprine + methotrexate
how is crohns treated with biologics?
infliximab- ANTI TNF
what are the complications associated with crohns?
- fistula
- abscesses
- small bowel obstruction
