Diarrhea

Question 1

Which bacteria cause diarrhea with preformed toxins, what is the general pathogenesis, and what are the clinical features?

Answer 1

S. aureus
B. cereus
C. perfringens

S/S: NVD (watery)

Pathogenesis: toxins act on vomiting centre in ANS

Question 2

Which bacteria cause diarrhea by secretion of cytotoxins, what is the general pathogenesis, and what are the clinical features?

Answer 2

C. difficile
EHEC

S/S: bloody diarrhea

Pathogenesis: Damage to the mucosa

Question 3

Which bacteria cause diarrhea by secretion of enterotoxins, what is the general pathogenesis, and what are the clinical features?

Answer 3

V. cholerae
ETEC

S/S: watery diarrhea

Question 4

Which bacteria cause diarrhea by muscosal adherence, what is the general pathogenesis, and what are the clinical features?

Answer 4

EAEC
EPEC

S/S: watery diarrhea

Pathogenesis: mucosal effacement, colonization

Question 5

Which bacteria cause diarrhea by invasion, what is the general pathogenesis and what are the clinical features?

Answer 5

Shigella
Campylobacter
EIEC
Yersinia
Salmonella

S/S: fever, mucus, bloody diarrhea, dysentery

Pathogenesis: invasion of epithelium, sometimes into the blood.