Diagnostic Role Of Blood Film

Question 1

What does Haematoxylin bind to?

Answer 1

Acidic components of cells - particularly to DNA and therefore shows up in the nucleus

Question 2

What does Eosin stain?

Answer 2

Binds proteins components, particularly in the cytoplasm

Question 3

What does Leishmans Stain do?

Answer 3

Makes the nucleus visible

Question 4

What is the field Iris?

Answer 4

The light that comes from the bottom of the microscope

Question 5

What lens is it best to start with during microscope based practicals?

Answer 5

The Lowe power objective lens (4x)

Question 6

What is the correct order in which your should focus your image?

Answer 6

1. Focus the image
2. Focus the condenser
3. Adjust the field Iris
4. Adjust the condenser Iris

Question 7

How should blood be smeared onto the slide when preparing a blood film?

Answer 7

Place a drop of blood onto the glass slide and smear it away from you using a second piece of glass as a spreader - this ensures the blood drop stays behind the spreader otherwise blood cells might become damaged between the two slides

Question 8

What color does Leishmans stain turn nuclei?

Answer 8

Purple - blue

Question 9

What color does Leishmans stain turn cytoplasmic components?

Answer 9

Pink

Question 10

What color do white blood cells appear when being stained with Leishmans?

Answer 10

Blue

Question 11

What blood cell has a bi-lobed nucleus, with bright pink cytoplasmic granules?

Answer 11

Eosinophil

Question 12

What blood cell has blue stained cytoplasmic granules and a lobed nuclei?

Answer 12

Basophil

Question 13

Which blood cells has a multi lobed nucleus with pink cytoplasmic granules?

Answer 13

Neutrophil

Question 14

Which blood cell has an indented nucleus and pale granules in its cytoplasm?

Answer 14

Monocytes

Question 15

What are elevated eosinophil levels indicative of?

Answer 15

Allergic reactions eg asthma or parasitic infections

Question 16

In what two circumstances might an increased number of basophils be found?

Answer 16

Chronic myelonous leukaemia

Hypersensitivity

Question 17

What is meant by the term left shift?

Answer 17

An increase in the proportion of band cel,s or the presence of neutrophil precursors in the blood

Question 18

The presence of what in neutrophils can be an indicator of bacterial infection?

Answer 18

Clear vacuoles

Question 19

What is seen in a blood film of a patient with CML?

Answer 19

A spectrum of granulocytes cells from myeloblasts to mature neutrophils

Question 20

What is the definition of megaloblastic anaemia?

Answer 20

anaemia in which maturation of the nucleus is retarded in relation to that of the cytoplasm.

Question 21

What are the most characteristic features of megaloblastic anaemia that are seen on a blood film?

Answer 21

Hypersegmented neutrophils and macrophages

Oval macrophages

Question 22

What is the function of the microscope stage?

Answer 22

To hold a microscope slide

Question 23

How is the degree of illumination of a microscope slide best adjusted?

Answer 23

By changing the lamp voltage

Question 24

What does a lymphocyte look like on a blood film?

Answer 24

Large round nucleus and relative lack of cytoplasm

Question 25

What is the key function of a neutrophil?

Answer 25

First line of defense in innate immunity and phagocytose microbes

Question 26

What are the key functions of monocytes?

Answer 26

Production of cytokines and phagocytosis of microbes and apoptose cells

Question 27

What are the key functions of lymphocytes?

Answer 27

Production of cytokines - T cells

Production of antibodies - B cells

Question 28

How are basophils activated?

Answer 28

Cross linking of IgE on their surface to release cytokines

Question 29

What does the release of cytokines from basophils do?

Answer 29

Helps with anti-helminth immune responses

Question 30

What are the main functions of eosphils?

Answer 30

Defense against parasitic infections through the release of specific cytokines and also involved in inflammation as seen in asthma and allergy