Diabetic Retinopathy Flashcards
1
Q
what are the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy?
A
- long duration of diabetes
- poor metabolic control
- pregnancy
- hypertension
- renal disease
- obesity
- hyperlipidaemia
- smoking
- anaemia
2
Q
What are the symptoms of diabetic retinopathy?
A
- painless gradual reduction of central vision
- haemorrhages result in the sudden onset of dark, painless floaters which may resolve over several days.
3
Q
What are the signs of non proliferative diabetic retinopathy?
A
- micoraneurysms
- dot and blot haemorrhages
- cotton wool spots
- hard exudates
4
Q
What are the signs of proliferative diabetic retinopathy?
A
- neovascularisation
- retinal detachment (curtain passing across visual field - can cause loss of vision in one eye)
- Vitreous heamorrhage
- pre retinal haemorrhage
5
Q
What are the signs of diabetic maculopathy?
A
- macula oedema
- hard exudates
- ischaemic maculopathy
6
Q
What are the differential diagnoses of diabetic retinopathy?
A
- age related macular degeneration
- open angle glaucoma
7
Q
What are the investigations for diabetic retinopathy?
A
- Visual acuity
- fundoscopy
- slit lamp magnification
- fundus photography
8
Q
What are the treatments for diabetic retinopathy?
A
- Glycaemic control
- lipid control
- smoking cessation
- laser treatment
