Diabetic Ketoacidosis Flashcards

1
Q

How to manage, NI?

A

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2
Q

Maintain patent airway and oxygen administration

A

Maintain patent airway and oxygen adminstration =
patient exhibits Kussmaul’s Respirations which is the body’s attempt to reverse metabolic acidosis through exhalation of excess ; aids in meeting tissue oxygen needs

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3
Q

Establish IV Access/ Fluid electrolyte replacement

A

infusion of 0.9% to perfuse vital organs
0.45% to replace total body fluid loss
;to restore urine output to 30-60mL and to raise BP
replacement of sodium, chloride, bicarbonate, potassium, phosphate,nitrogen, and magnesium

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4
Q

Monitor glucose hourly

A

to determine if treatment is effective; progression of DKA, control /monitor rapid decrease of blood glucose level

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5
Q

Monitor I/O

A

fluid balance

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6
Q

Administer 5% dextrose added to IV fluids

A

administered once level is approaching 250 mg/dL to minimize cerebral edema associated with drastic changes in serum osmolality

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7
Q

Monitor electrolytes

A

To determine potassium level; Insulin drives potassium into cells leading to life threatening hypokalemia

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8
Q

Cardiac Monitoring/ ECG

A

To assess for cardiac dysrhythmia -hypo or hyper kalemia

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9
Q

Monitor LOC

A

Decreased LOC due to dehydration , electrolyte and acidosis.

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10
Q

Provide Reassurance

A

Helps decrease stress levels which may further increase blood sugar levels

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11
Q

Maintain Bed Rest

A

Decreases Metabolic Rate

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12
Q

Maintain Patient NPO

A

Placed on NPO especiallu if nausea or vomiting is present

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13
Q

WHAT SHOULD I REPORT TO THE PHYSICIAN?

A

Blood sugar level

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14
Q

2rep

A

LOC

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15
Q

3rep

A

Cardiac Changes

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16
Q

4rep

A

ABGs

17
Q

5rep

A

Resp Status

18
Q

6rep

A

Pain level -abdominal

19
Q

7 rep

A

BP, Temp, Pulse

20
Q

8rep

A

N/V

21
Q

WHAT ORDERS ARE ANTICIPATED?

A

02

22
Q

2ant

A

Glucose Q1HR

23
Q

3ant

A

Labs-Electrolytes esp K+

24
Q

4ant

A

BUN/Creatinine

25
Q

5ant

A

UA-ketones , glycosuria

26
Q

6ant

A

CBC- S. Osmolarity

27
Q

7ant

A

ABGs

28
Q

8ant

A

CT of head if unconscious

29
Q

9ant

A

IV Fluids

30
Q

10 ant

A

Insulin drip

31
Q

11ant

A

Potassium