Diabetes - Oral agents

Question 1

Sulfonylurea (2nd generation)

Answer 1

Glipizide (Glucotrol)
Glucotrol XL (extended release tab)
Glimepiride (Amaryl)

Question 2

Sulfonylurea (2nd generation) - action

Answer 2

Increase insulin secretion from pancreatic islet cells and increase sensitivity of insulin receptors on target cells

Question 3

Meglitinide Analogs

Answer 3

Repaglinide (Prandin)

Nateglinide (Starlix)

Question 4

Meglitinide Analogs - action

Answer 4

Increase insulin secretion from pancreatic islet cells; prevent post-meal blood glucose elevation

Question 5

Biguanides

Answer 5

Metformin (Glucophage)

Question 6

Biguanides - action

Answer 6

Lowers basal and post-meal blood glucose by reducing hepatic glucose production and increase tissue sensitivity; reduces insulin resistance

Question 7

Alpha Gucosidase Inhibitors

Answer 7

Acarbose (Precose)

Migitol (Glyset)

Question 8

Alpha Gucosidase Inhibitors - action

Answer 8

Prevent post-meal blood glucose elevation; block enzymes in the small intestine that break down complex carbs; digestion of glucose is delayed

Question 9

Thiazolidinediones

Answer 9

Pioglitazone (Actos)

Rosiglitazone (Avandia)

Question 10

Thiazolidinediones - action

Answer 10

Improves tissue sensitivity to insulin; reduce insulin resistance; inhibit hepatic glucogenesis

Question 11

Combination Drugs

Answer 11

combine with metformin